The Meanings of Latin Names

Please note - in many cases these are best guesses. This is not meant to be definitive, but should be used as a learning aid. This list has been compiled from a number of sources, which are listed at the bottom. Clicking on the linked name will open the fact sheet for that species in a new window.

Abelia xgrandiflora - glossy abelia after Dr. Clark Abel who introduced Abelia chinensis / large-flowered

Abies amabilis - Pacific silver fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / Latin "amare" (beautiful or lovely, to love)

Abies balsamea - balsam fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / balsam-producing

Abies bracteata - bristlecone fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / a reference to the exerted bracts

Abies concolor - white fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / one color (both needle surfaces)

Abies fraseri - Fraser fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / after John Fraser

Abies grandis - grand fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / large

Abies homolepis - Nikko fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / Greek "homo" (same) and "lepis" (scales), indicating all the cone scales are the size

Abies koreana - Korean fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / of Korea

Abies lasiocarpa - subalpine fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / rough fruit (cones)

Abies magnifica - California red fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / magnificent

Abies nordmanniana - Nordmann fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / after Finnish botanist Alexander von Nordmann

Abies pinsapo - Spanish fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / Spanish "pino" (pine) and "sapo" (fir)

Abies procera - noble fir ancient name - rising or tall tree, name for the European fir / tall

Abutilon palmeri - Palmer's Indian mallow Arabic for a similar plant / after botanist Edward Palmer

Acacia auriculiformis - earleaf acacia Greek "akakia" an ancient name for a thorny Egyptian tree / Latin "auricula" (ear), a reference to the ear-shaped seed pod

Acer buergerianum - trident maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / after botanist Heinrich Burger, assistant and successor to Philipp Franz von Siebold as botanist in Japan

Acer campestre - hedge maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / of fields

Acer circinatum - vine maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / rounded leaves

Acer floridanum - Florida maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / of Florida, or flowering

Acer ginnala - Amur maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / native name

Acer glabrum - Rocky Mountain maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / lacking hair

Acer grandidentatum - bigtooth maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / refers to big teeth on leaves

Acer griseum - paperbark maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / gray lower leaf surface

Acer japonicum - fullmoon maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / of Japan

Acer macrophyllum - bigleaf maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / large leaf

Acer miyabei - Miyabe maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / after Japanese botanist Kingo Miyabe

Acer negundo - boxelder Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / Latinized form of Malayan name - leaves resemble genus Vitex

Acer nigrum - black maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / black

Acer palmatum - Japanese maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / hand-like

Acer pensylvanicum - striped maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / of Pennsylvania

Acer platanoides - Norway maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / like Platanus

Acer pseudoplatanus - sycamore maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / false Platanus

Acer rubrum - red maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / red

Acer saccharinum - silver maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / sugary sap - Greek "sakcharon" (sweet or sugar)

Acer saccharum - sugar maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / name for sugar cane - Greek "sakcharon" (sweet or sugar)

Acer spicatum - mountain maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / Latin "spica" (a spike) - a spike of flowers

Acer tataricum - Tatarian maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / from Tartary (central Asia)

Acer truncatum - Shantung maple Latin name - sharp (leaves or used as lances) or Celtic "ac" (hard) / for the truncate (flattened) leaf base

Acer xfreemanii - Freeman maple Greek "akakia" (the Egyptian thorn-tree) and "akis" (thorn) / after Oliver M. Freeman of the National Arboretum

Acoelorrhaphe wrightii - Everglades palm without a coelium (hollow) or raphe (seed ridge) / after Wright, a botanical collector

Adenostoma fasciculatum - chamise Greek "aden" (gland) and "stoma" (mouth) / fascicle-like bundles of leaves

Adenostoma sparsifolium - redshanks Greek "aden" (gland) and "stoma" (mouth) / sparse foliage

Adonidia merrillii - cherry palm Latin "little Adonis" / after American botanist Elmer Merrill

Aesculus californica - California buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / of California

Aesculus flava - yellow buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / yellow

Aesculus glabra - Ohio buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / glabrous (lacking hair)

Aesculus hippocastanum - horsechestnut Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / Latin name from Greek "hippos" (horse) and "kastanon" chestnut

Aesculus parviflora - bottlebrush buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / small flowered

Aesculus pavia - red buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / After Peter Paaw (Petrus Pavius), Dutch botanist

Aesculus sylvatica - painted buckeye Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / of the woods - Latin "silva" (forest)

Aesculus xcarnea - red horsechestnut Latin for an oak with edible acorns (caution - many are poisonous) / flesh-colored

Afrocarpus gracilior - fern pine Greek "podos" (foot) and "carpus" (seed) / very slender or graceful

Agave parryi - artichoke agave Greek "agavo" (noble) / after British-American botanist Charles Christopher Parry

Ailanthus altissima - tree-of-Heaven Indonesian-Mollucan name "ailanto" for Ailanthus moluccana - reaching to Heaven / tallest Latin "altus" (high)

Akebia quinata - fiveleaf akebia Japanese name for this plant / Latin "quin" (five)

Albizia julibrissin - mimosa after del Albizzi / the native name

Alnus cordata - Italian alder Latin name for alder / for its cordate (heart-shaped) leaves

Alnus glutinosa - European black alder Latin name for alder / sticky (buds)

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa - speckled alder Latin name for alder / gray or hoary (apparently for the leaves)

Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia - thinleaf alder Latin name for alder / gray or hoary (apparently for the leaves)

Alnus oblongifolia - Arizona alder Latin name for alder / oblong (leaves)

Alnus rhombifolia - white alder Latin name for alder / leaves shaped like a rhombus

Alnus rubra - red alder Latin name for alder / red

Alnus serrulata - hazel alder Latin name for alder / finely serrate (leaves)

Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata - Sitka alder Latin name for alder / green (leaves)

Ambrosia ambrosioides - canyon ragweed Greek "food of the gods" / like genus Ambrosia

Ambrosia chenopodiifolia - San Diego bursage Greek "food of the gods" / leaves like genus Chenopodium

Ambrosia deltoidea - triangleleaf bursage Greek "food of the gods" / triangle (leaves)

Ambrosia dumosa - white bursage Greek "food of the gods" / shrubby or small

Amelanchier alnifolia - Pacific serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / alder-like leaves

Amelanchier arborea - downy serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / tree-like

Amelanchier canadensis - shadblow serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / of Canada

Amelanchier laevis - Alleghany serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / Latin "laev" (smooth; nimble, light)

Amelanchier sanguinea - roundleaf serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / blood red (fruits)

Amelanchier utahensis - Utah serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / from Utah

Amelanchier xgrandiflora - serviceberry French Provencal name for Amelanchier ovalis - amelanquier / large flowers

Amorpha fruticosa - desert false indigo without form / bearing fruit

Andromeda polifolia - bog rosemary After the very beautiful Andromeda of Greek literature / gray leaves

Anisacanthus quadrifidus - desert honeysuckle Greek "anisos" (unequal) and "acanthos" (thorn) / four-parted (flowers)

Annona glabra - pond apple native Indian name / glabrous (lacking hair)

Aralia spinosa - Devil's walking stick French Canadian "aralei" / bearing spines

Araucaria araucana - monkeypuzzle tree from the Arauco region of Chile / from the Arauco region of Chile

Araucaria heterophylla - Norfolk pine from the Arauco region of Chile / Greek "hetero" (different) and "phylla" (leaves) for the difference between juvenile and mature leaves

Arbutus arizonica - Arizona madrone the Latin name / of Arizona

Arbutus menziesii - Pacific madrone the Latin name / after naturalist Archibald Menzies

Arbutus xalapensis - Texas madrone the Latin name / after Xalapa, Mexico

Arctostaphylos columbiana - hairy manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / of the Columbia region

Arctostaphylos densiflora - Vine Hill manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / dense flowers

Arctostaphylos glauca - bigberry manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / white

Arctostaphylos hookeri - Hooker's manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / after botanist William Jackson Hooker

Arctostaphylos patula - green manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / Latin wide-spreading (reference to form or leaves)

Arctostaphylos pungens - pointleaf manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / Latin "pungere" (to prick)

Arctostaphylos rudis - shagbark manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / Latin word for rude, raw, or rough (describing the bark)

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - kinnikinick Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / bear's grape

Arctostaphylos viscida - whiteleaf manzanita Greek "arctos" (a bear) and "staphyle" (a bunch of grapes) / Latin "viscum" (thick, syrupy or sticky - flowers have sticky stems)

Argyroxiphium sandwicense - Hawaii silversword Greek "argyro" (silver) and / after the Sandwich (Hawaiian) Islands

Aristolochia macrophylla - Dutchman's pipe Greek "cristos" (noblest) and "locheia" (childbirth), for its early medicinal application / macro (large) phyllum (leaves)

Aronia arbutifolia - chokeberry Greek word for a species of Sorbus / Latin "arburi" (many) and "folia" (leaves)

Aronia melanocarpa - black chokeberry Greek word for a species of Sorbus / Latin "melan" (black or dark) and "carpa" (fruit)

Artemisia californica - coastal sagebrush after the Greek goddess Artemis / of California

Artemisia filifolia - sand sagebrush After the Greek goddess Artemis / filiform (threadlike), and folia (leaf)

Artemisia palmeri - San Diego sagewort after the Greek goddess Artemis / after botanist Edward Palmer

Artemisia tridentata - big sagebrush after the Greek goddess Artemis / leaves with three teeth

Asimina parviflora - dwarf pawpaw native Indian name (assimin) / small flower

Asimina triloba - pawpaw native Indian name (assimin) / 3-lobed calyx

Atriplex canescens - four-wing saltbush ancient Latin for this plant / covered in white, becoming hoary

Atriplex confertifolia - shadscale ancient Latin for this plant / crowded leaves

Avicennia germinans - black mangrove after Persian philosopher Avicinna (Ibn Sina) / Latin "germinare" (to sprout forth)

Baccharis emoryi - Emory's baccharis fragrant root / after Maj. William Hemsley Emory

Baccharis halimifolia - eastern baccharis fragrant root / leaves resemble Halimus (a saltbush)

Baccharis pilularis - coyotebrush fragrant root / having globules

Baccharis pteronioides - yerba de pasmo fragrant root / Greek "pteron" (winged) - for the fruit

Baccharis salicifolia - mule fat fragrant root / leaves like Salix (willows)

Baccharis sarothroides - desertbroom fragrant root / broom-like

Berberis canadensis - American barberry Arabic name / of Canada

Berberis julianae - wintergreen barberry Arabic name / unknown

Berberis thunbergii - Japanese barberry Arabic name / after Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg

Berberis vulgaris - common barberry Arabic name / common

Berchemia scandens - supplejack after Dutch botanist Berthout van Berchem / climbing

Betula alleghaniensis - yellow birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / of the Alleghany region

Betula glandulosa - dwarf birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / gland-bearing

Betula lenta - sweet birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / tough but pliable (twigs or ability to grow in rocky areas) or sweet

Betula nana - bog birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / Greek "nannos" (dwarf)

Betula nigra - river birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / black (bark)

Betula occidentalis - water birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Betula papyrifera - paper birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / paper bearing - Egyptian for reed - Greek "papyros" (paper) and Latin "ferre" (to bear)

Betula pendula - European weeping birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / pendulous

Betula populifolia - gray birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / poplar-leaved

Betula uber - roundleaf birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / fertile or rich, probably in reference to site requirements

Betula utilis - Himalayan white birch Latin (pitch - bitumen is distilled from the bark or Sanskrit "bhurja" (to shine" (bark))) / useful

Bignonia capreolata - crossvine after librarian Abbe Jean Paul Bignon / having tendrils

Bombax ceiba - red silk cottontree Latin "bambax" (cotton fiber) or Greek "bombax" (surprise or indeed!) / for its resemblance to Genus Ceiba

Borrichia arborescens - tree seaside tansy unknown, perhaps a local name / tree-like

Bougainvillea spp. - bougainvillea after French Admiral Louis de Bougainvillea / after French Admiral Louis de Bougainvillea

Broussonetia papyrifera - paper mulberry after Auguste Broussonet, French naturalist / paper-bearing (bark) - Egyptian for reed - Greek "papyros" (paper) and Latin "ferre" (to bear)

Bucida buceras - black olive like fenugreek, a medicinal herb or crooked horn, a reference to the fruit clusters / like fenugreek, a medicinal herb or crooked horn, a reference to the fruit clusters

Buckleya distichophylla - piratebush after American geologist Samuel Botsford Buckley / in two rows (leaves) Greek "di" (two) and "stichos" (rank)

Buddleja davidii - butterfly-bush after Adam Buddle / after Armand David

Bursera fagaroides - fragrant bursera after botanist Joachim Burser / similar to genus Fagara

Bursera hindsiana - copal after botanist Joachim Burser / after naturalist Richard Brinsley Hinds

Bursera microphylla - elephant tree after botanist Joachim Burser / small leaf

Bursera simaruba - gumbo-limbo after botanist Joachim Burser / perhaps an indication of the resemblance to simaroubaceae

Buxus sempervirens - boxwood Latin name for Buxus sempervirens / evergreen - Latin "semper" (always) and "vivere" (live)

Caesalpinia gilliesii - bird-of-paradise shrub after botanist Andreas Caesalpini / after Scottish botanist John Gillies

Caesalpinia pulcherrima - pride-of-Barbados after botanist Andreas Caesalpini / most beautiful

Calliandra californica - Baja fairy duster Greek "kallos" (beautiful) and "andra" (stamens) / of California

Calliandra eriophylla - fairy duster Greek "kallos" (beautiful) and "andra" (stamens) / woolly leaf

Callicarpa americana - American beautyberry Greek "kallos" (beautiful) "carpa" (fruit) / of America

Callistemon spp. - bottlebrush tree Greek "kallos" (beautiful) and "stemon" (stamen) / Greek "kallos" (beautiful) and "stemon" (stamen)

Callitropsis nootkatensis - Alaska yellow-cedar Resembling Genus Callitris, Greek "calli" (beautiful) / of Nootka Sound

Calocedrus decurrens - incense-cedar Greek "kallos" (beautiful) and Cedrus / decurrent

Calycanthus floridus - common sweetshrub Greek "kalyx" (calyx) and "anthos" (a flower) referring to similar sepals and petals / flowering

Calycanthus occidentalis - sweet shrub Greek "kalyx" (calyx) and "anthos" (a flower) referring to similar sepals and petals / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Camellia japonica - Japanese camellia after Georg Josef Kamel / of Japan

Campsis radicans - trumpet creeper Greek "kampe" (something bent) refers to curved stamens / with rooting stems

Canotia holacantha - crucifixion thorn unknown / Greek "holos" (whole or all) and "akantha" (thorn)

Caragana arborescens - pea tree ancient Mongolian name for this genus / tree-like

Carica papaya - papaya Carica for its resemblance to Ficus carica / Papaya from the native Central American name

Carnegiea gigantea - saguaro cactus wax candle / large

Carpinus betulus - European hornbeam Latin name of European hornbeam / resembling a Betula (birch)

Carpinus caroliniana - hornbeam Latin name of European hornbeam/ of Carolina / Latin name of European hornbeam/ of Carolina

Carpinus japonica - Japanese hornbeam Latin name of European hornbeam / of Japan

Carya aquatica - water hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / of water

Carya cordiformis - bitternut hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / heart-shaped (fruit) Latin "cordis" (heart) and "forma" (shaped)

Carya glabra - pignut hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / glabrous (lacking hair)

Carya illinoinensis - pecan Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / of Illinois

Carya laciniosa - shellbark hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / Latin "lacinia" (shred - the bark)

Carya myristiciformis - nutmeg hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / Myristica is the nutmeg genus.

Carya ovalis - red hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / ovate or egg-shaped (leaflets)

Carya ovata - shagbark hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / ovate or egg-shaped (leaflets)

Carya pallida - sand hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / pallid (pale)

Carya tomentosa - mockernut hickory Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia) / tomentose (hairy)

Cassiope mertensiana - white mountain heather in Greek mythology Cassiope was the queen of Joppa and mother of the beautiful Andromeda / after Karl Mertens, German botanist

Castanea dentata - American chestnut after Castanea in northern Greece, Greek "kastanea" (chestnut) / refers to big teeth on leaves

Castanea mollissima - Chinese chestnut after Castanea in northern Greece, Greek "kastanea" (chestnut) / very soft-hairy

Castanea pumila - Alleghany chinkapin after Castanea in northern Greece, Greek "kastanea" (chestnut) / dwarf or small

Castela emoryi - crucifixion thorn after botanist Rene R.L. Castel / after Maj. William Hemsley Emory

Casuarina equisetifolia - Australian pine Malayan "casuar" (a cassowary) / Latin "equi" horse and "folium" (leaf)

Catalpa bignonioides - southern catalpa Cherokee name / like Bignonia

Catalpa speciosa - northern catalpa Cherokee name / Latin "species" (form) and "osus" (full of) - showy

Ceanothus americanus - New Jersey tea Greek name of a spiny shrub / american

Ceanothus cordulatus - whitethorn ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / Greek "cordul" (club)

Ceanothus cuneatus - narrowleaf buckbrush Greek name of a spiny shrub / wedge-shaped (leaf tips)

Ceanothus fendleri - Fendler's ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / after botanist Augustus Fendler

Ceanothus gloriosus - Point Reyes ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / glorious (flowers)

Ceanothus greggii - desert ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / After explorer Josiiah Gregg

Ceanothus impressus - Santa Barbara ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / impressive

Ceanothus integerrimus - deerbrush Greek name of a spiny shrub / entire or uninjured - leaves are entire

Ceanothus prostratus - mahala mat Greek name of a spiny shrub / prostrate

Ceanothus sanguineus - redstem ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / blood red

Ceanothus spinosus - greenbark ceanothus Greek name of a spiny shrub / spiny

Ceanothus thyrsiflorus - blueblossom Greek name of a spiny shrub / flowers in a thyrse

Ceanothus velutinus - snowbrush Greek name of a spiny shrub / velvety

Cedrus atlantica - Atlas cedar Latin name / of the Atlas Mountains

Cedrus deodara - Deodar cedar Latin name / Northern Indian name

Cedrus libani - cedar of Lebanon Latin name / of Lebanon

Celastrus orbiculatus - Asian bittersweet Greek "kelastros" the name for an evergreen tree / round leaves

Celastrus scandens - American bittersweet Greek "kelastros" the name for an evergreen tree / climbing

Celtis africana - white stinkwood Greek name or name applied to African lotus / of Africa

Celtis ehrenbergiana - spiny hackberry Greek name or name applied to African lotus / after German naturalist Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg

Celtis laevigata var. laevigata - sugarberry Greek name or name applied to African lotus / Latin "laevigat" (smooth or slippery) - the bark

Celtis laevigata var. reticulata - netleaf hackberry Greek name or name applied to African lotus / networked (veins in the leaf)

Celtis occidentalis - hackberry Greek name or name applied to African lotus / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Celtis pumila - dwarf hackberry Greek name or name applied to African lotus / dwarf or small

Cephalanthus occidentalis - buttonbush Head of anthers" / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Cephalotaxus fortunei - Chinese plum-yew Latin "cephalo" (head) and taxus (yews) / after Robert Fortune

Cercidiphyllum japonicum - katsuratree like Cercis and Greek "phyllon" (leaf) / of Japan

Cercis canadensis - eastern redbud Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle - fruit resembled instrument), ancient Greek name for this tree / of eastern North America

Cercis chinensis - Chinese redbud Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle - fruit resembled instrument), ancient Greek name for this tree / of China

Cercis orbiculata - western redbud Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle - fruit resembled instrument), ancient Greek name for this tree / round (leaves)

Cercocarpus intricatus - littleleaf mountain-mahogany Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle) and "karpon" (fruit) / Latin "intrico" (entangled)

Cercocarpus ledifolius - curlleaf mountain-mahogany Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle) and "karpon" (fruit) / Ledum (labrador tea)-like leaves

Cercocarpus montanus - mountain-mahogany Greek "kerkis" (a shuttle) and "karpon" (fruit) / of the mountains

Cereus hildmannianus - Andes organ pipe Latin "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / after cactus expert Hildegarda Winter

Chaenomeles speciosa - common floweringquince Greek "chaina" (to gape) and "melon" (apple) / showy

Chamaebatia foliolosa - mountain misery Greek chamae" (low) and "batos" (bramble) / leafy

Chamaebatiaria millefolium - fernbush Greek "chamae" (low) and "batos" (bramble) / "one thousand leaves"

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana - Port-Orford-cedar Greek "chamai" (low growing) and "kuparissos" (cypress) / after Charles Lawson British nurseryman

Chamaecyparis obtusa - Hinoki falsecypress Greek "chamai" (low growing) and "kuparissos" (cypress) / blunt leaves

Chamaecyparis pisifera - Sawara-cedar Greek "chamai" (low growing) and "kuparissos" (cypress) / pea-bearing (referring to the small cones)

Chamaecyparis thyoides - Atlantic white-cedar Greek "chamai" (low growing) and "kuparissos" (cypress) / like Thuja

Chamaedaphne calyculata - leatherleaf from Greek "chamae" (dwarf) and "daphne" (laurel) / with a little calyx

Chilopsis linearis - desert-willow Greek "cheilos" (lip) - for the flowers / narrow, referring to the leaves

Chimaphila maculata - striped pipsissewa strange leaf / spotted

Chimaphila umbellata - prince's pine strange leaf / with an umbel

Chionanthus virginicus - fringetree Greek "chion" (snow) and "anthus" (flower) / of Virginia

Chrysobalanus icaco - cocoplum Greek "chryso" (golden) and "balanos" (acorn) / unknown - perhaps for the Ica River?

Chrysolepis chrysophylla - golden chinkapin Greek for golden scales / Greek for golden leaves

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus - yellow rabbitbrush Greek "chryso" (golden) and "thamnus" (shrub) / Latin "viscum" (thick, syrupy or sticky - flowers have sticky stems)

Cinnamomum camphora - camphortree Greek/Arabic "amomon" (spice plant) / camphor bearing

Cistus spp. - rockrose ancient Greek name / ancient Greek name

Citrus spp. - citrus ancient Greek name / ancient Greek name

Cladrastis kentukea - yellowwood Greek "kladros" (branch) and "thraustos or thrastos" (fragile) for fragile branches / from Kentucky

Clematis columbiana - rock clematis Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / of the Columbia region

Clematis crispa - swamp leather flower Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / closely curled (petals)

Clematis drummondii - virgin's bower Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / after Scotish naturalist Thomas drummond

Clematis ligusticifolia - white clematis Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / ligustrum (privet)-like (foliage)

Clematis terniflora - sweetautumn clematis Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / Latin (flowers in 3's)

Clematis virginiana - virgin's bower Greek for long, flexible branches, ancient name / of Virginia

Cleome isomeris - bladderpod spiderflower ancient name for a mustard plant / Greek "isos" (equal) and "meris" (part), for the fruit

Clethra alnifolia - summersweet clethra Greek "klethra" (alder) / alnus-leaved

Cliftonia monophylla - buckwheat tree after Georgia's first attorney general, William Clifton / one leaf

Coccoloba uvifera - seagrape Latin "coccum" (a berry) / grape

Cocos nucifera - coconut palm Portuguese for monkey (with three pores, coconuts resemble a monkey face) / Latin "nucis" (nut) and "fero" (I bear)

Coleogyne ramosissima - blackbrush Greek "koleos" (sheath) and "gyne" (ovary) / branched

Comptonia peregrina - sweetfern after English Bishop Compton / wanderer, or foreigner

Condalia globosa - bitter condalia after American Dr. A. Condal / rounded (fruits)

Conocarpus erectus - buttonwood "cono" (cone-shaped) and "karpos" (fruit) / upright

Cornus alba - Tatarian dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / white

Cornus alternifolia - alternate-leaf dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / alternate leaves

Cornus amomum - silky dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / Greek/Arabic "amomon" (spice plant)

Cornus canadensis - bunchberry the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / of Canada

Cornus controversa - giant dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / controversial

Cornus drummondii - roughleaf dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / after Scotish naturalist Thomas drummond

Cornus florida - flowering dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / flowering Latin "flos" (flower)

Cornus kousa - kousa dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / Japanese name

Cornus mas - Cornelian cherry dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / masculine, robust, non-delicate

Cornus nuttallii - Pacific dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / after Thomas Nuttall

Cornus racemosa - gray dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / flowers in upright racemes

Cornus sericea - red-osier dogwood the Latin name for Cornus mas from "cornu" (hard - for the wood) / silky or Latin "serus" (late or tardy) (stolonifera means "bearing stolons")

Corylopsis glabrescens - fragrant winterhazel like Corylus / lacking pubescens, glabrous

Corylopsis pauciflora - buttercup winterhazel like Corylus / few flowers

Corylopsis sinensis - Chinese winterhazel like Corylus / of China

Corylus americana - American hazel Greek "krylos" (hazelnut) / of America

Corylus avellana - common filbert Greek "krylos" (hazelnut) / Latin name for hazel nut

Corylus colurna - Turkish hazel Greek "krylos" (hazelnut) / Latin name for hazel nut

Corylus cornuta - beaked hazel Greek "krylos" (hazelnut) / horned, refers to bracts forming a beak at the apex of the nut

Corymbia torelliana - cadagi a reference to corymb flower structures / unknown - a surname?

Cotinus coggygria - European smoketree Greek name for olive / smoke tree

Cotinus obovatus - American smoketree Greek name for olive / obovate leaves

Cotoneaster spp. - cotoneaster Greek "kotoneon" (quince) and Latin "ad istar" (similarity) / Greek "kotoneon" (quince) and Latin "ad istar" (similarity)

Crataegus douglasii - black hawthorn Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood) / after Scottish botanist David Douglas

Crataegus monogyna - oneseed hawthorn Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood) / one ovary

Crataegus phaenopyrum - Washington hawthorn Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood) / Greek "phaeno" (visible) and "Pyrus" (pear)

Crataegus spp. - hawthorn Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood) / Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood)

Crataegus viridis - green hawthorn Greek "kratos" (strength - for the wood) / green (leaves)

Croton alabamensis - Alabama croton Greek "kroton" (a tick) - for the seeds / of Alabama

Cryptomeria japonica - Japanese cryptomeria Greek "krypto" (to hide) and "meris" (part), referring to concealed flower parts / of Japan

Cunninghamia lanceolata - common Chinafir after James Cunningham / lanceolate (leaves)

Cupressus sempervirens - Italian cypress Greek name for this plant "kyparissos" / evergreen - Latin "semper" (always) and "vivere" (live)

Cycas revoluta - sago palm Latin name for this genus / curled (leaves)

Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa - buckhorn cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / thorny fruit

Cylindropuntia arbuscula - pencil cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / tree-like

Cylindropuntia bigelovii - Teddy bear cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / after botanist Dr. John Milton Bigelow

Cylindropuntia fulgida - chain cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / Latin for shining or glittering

Cylindropuntia imbricata - tree cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / like shingles, overlapping

Cylindropuntia prolifera - coastal cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / proliferating, with offshoots

Cylindropuntia spinosior - cane cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / spiny

Cylindropuntia tesajo - pencil cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / perhaps a bastardization of Spanish "tasajo" (jerky) or for tesajo series soils

Cylindropuntia versicolor - staghorn cholla Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / Latin "versare" (to change) color

Cyrilla racemiflora - swamp cyrilla perhaps a reference to Cyril or Greek "cyri" (master of) / flowers in racemes

Cytisus scoparius - Scotch broom Greek name "kytisus" / broom-like

Dasiphora fruticosa - shrubby cinquefoil Greek "dasy" (wooly or shaggy) "phor" (carry), in reference to the hairy seeds / Latin "frut" (shrub)

Dasylirion leiophyllum - sotol Greek "dasy" (wooly or shaggy) and "leiron" (lily) / smooth leaves

Davidia involucrata - dove tree after French missionary Père Armand David / with an involucre

Decumaria barbara - woodvamp parts of the flower are in tens / foreign

Delonix regia - flamboyant tree Greek "delos" (notable) and "onus" (one) / Latin "regis" (king)

Dendromecon rigida - tree poppy Greek "dendron" (tree) and "mekon" (poppy) / stiff

Deutzia scabra - fuzzy deutzia after Johan van der Deutz / coarse hairs

Diervilla lonicera - northern bush-honeysuckle After Dr. Dierville, French surgeon who introduced the plant / from Lonicera

Diervilla rivularis - mountain bush-honeysuckle After Dr. Dierville, French surgeon who introduced the plant / found in small rivulets

Diervilla sessilifolia - southern bush-honeysuckle After Dr. Dierville, French surgeon who introduced the plant / stalkless leaf

Diospyros kaki - Japanese persimmon Greek "dios" (divine) and "pyros" (wheat) referring to the edible fruit / Japanese "kaki", the word for persimmon

Diospyros texana - Texas persimmon Greek "dios" (divine) and "pyros" (wheat) referring to the edible fruit / of Texas

Diospyros virginiana - common persimmon Greek "dios" (divine) and "pyros" (wheat) referring to the edible fruit / of Virginia

Diplacus puniceus - red bush monkeyflower two flat (petals?) / like Punica (pomegranate)

Dirca palustris - eastern leatherwood Greek "dirke" (a fountain), referring to moist habitat / of the swamps

Ditrysinia fruticosa - Gulf Sebastian-bush unknown - perhaps after Ditrysia, the butterflies / Latin "frut" (shrub)

Dodonaea viscosa - hopbush after botanist Rembert Dodoens / sticky

Dracaena draco - dragontree Greek "drakaina" (dragon) / Latin for dragon

Dypsis decaryi - triangle palm Greek "dypto" (to dive), a reference to the drooping fronds / Greek "karya or kaura" (walnut -Juglans regia)

Ebenopsis confinis - ejoton ebony-like / crowded

Ebenopsis ebano - Texas ebony ebony-like / ebony like

Echinocereus triglochidiatus - Mojave hedgehog cactus Latin "echino" (spiny) and "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / bearing 3 glochids

Ehretia anacua - sandpaper tree after botanist George Ehret / local name

Elaeagnus angustifolia - Russian-olive the name originally applied to a willow Greek "helodes" (growing in marshes) and "hagnos" (pure) referring to white fruit / narrow-leaved

Elaeagnus commutata - silverberry the name originally applied to a willow Greek "helodes" (growing in marshes) and "hagnos" (pure) referring to white fruit / changeable

Elaeagnus pungens - thorny-olive the name originally applied to a willow Greek "helodes" (growing in marshes) and "hagnos" (pure) referring to white fruit / pointed or sharp

Elaeagnus umbellata - autumn-olive the name originally applied to a willow Greek "helodes" (growing in marshes) and "hagnos" (pure) referring to white fruit / flowers in umbel-like clusters

Encelia californica - California brittlebrush after Pastor Christoph Entzelt / of California

Encelia farinosa - brittlebush after Pastor Christoph Entzelt / powdery (leaves)

Ephedra spp. - Mormon-tea ancient Greek name for Hipparus, which it resembles / ancient Greek name for Hipparus, which it resembles

Epigaea repens - trailing arbutus Latin "epi" (upon) and "gaea" (earth) / creeping or low

Ericameria laricifolia - turpentine bush heath-like leaves / larch-like (leaves)

Ericameria linearifolia - narrowleaf goldenbush heath-like leaves / narrow leaves

Ericameria nauseosa - gray rabbitbrush heath-like leaves / nauseating

Ericameria palmeri - Palmer's goldenbush heath-like leaves / after botanist Edward Palmer

Eriodictyon angustifolium - narrow-leaved yerba santa Greek "erio/erion" (wool) and "dikyton" (a thrown net), a reference to the wooly net leaf undersides / narrow-leaved

Eriogonum cinereum - coastal buckwheat Greek "erion" (wool) and "gonu" (joint or knee) / ashy gray

Eriogonum fasciculatum - flat-top buckwheat Greek "erion" (wool) and "gonu" (joint or knee) / fascicle-like bundles of leaves

Erythrina corallodendron - coral tree dark red / coral-like

Erythrina herbacea - coralbean dark red / herbaceous

Eubotrys racemosus - swamp doghobble From Greek for clustered / refers to flowers in racemes

Eucalyptus caesia - gungurru Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / bluish-gray (leaves)

Eucalyptus camaldulensis - river red gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / a reference to the Naples (Italy) garden of Camalduli

Eucalyptus cordata - silver gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / heart-shaped (leaves)

Eucalyptus globulus - blue gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / rounded

Eucalyptus nitens - shining gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / shining or whitish

Eucalyptus polyanthemos - silver dollar gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / many anthers

Eucalyptus sideroxylon - red ironbark Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / Greek "hierro" (iron) and "xylon" (wood)

Eucalyptus woodwardii - lemon-flowered gum Greek "eu" (true) and "kalipto" (cover), a reference to the flowers which remain covered until they bloom / unknown - a surname?

Eucommia ulmoides - hardy rubber tree Greek "eu" (good, well) and Latin "commia" (gum) / elm-like (leaves)

Euonymus alatus - winged euonymus Latin name / winged

Euonymus americanus - strawberry bush Latin name / American

Euonymus atropurpureus - eastern wahoo Latin name / dark purple

Euonymus europaeus - spindletree Latin name / of Europe

Euonymus fortunei - wintercreeper Latin name / after Robert Fortune

Euonymus kiautschovicus - spreading euonymus Latin name / a Chinese district in the Schantung Province on the Yellow Sea

Euonymus occidentalis - western burning bush Latin name / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Euphorbia misera - cliff spurge after Greek physician Euphorbus or Greek "eu" (true or good) and "phorbe" (pasture or fodder) / miserable

Exochorda racemosa - common pearlbush Greek "Exo" (outside) and "chorde" (cord), a reference to fibers surrounding the placenta / flowers in upright racemes

Eysenhardtia orthocarpa - kidneywood after German botanist Karl Wilhelm Eysenhardt / straight fruit

Eysenhardtia texana - Texas kidneywood German botanist Karl Wilhelm Eysenhardt / of Texas

Fagus grandifolia - American beech Latin name from Greek "phagein" (to eat - edible nuts) / grand foliage

Fagus orientalis - Oriental beech Latin name from Greek "phagein" (to eat - edible nuts) / of the east

Fagus sylvatica - European beech Latin name from Greek "phagein" (to eat - edible nuts) / of the woods - Latin "silva" (forest)

Faidherbia albida - winter thorn Probably after the French Soldier and territorial governor, Louis Léon César Faidherbe / white

Fallugia paradoxa - Apache plume after botanist Abbot V. Fallugi / a paradox, unusual

Fendlera rupicola - cliff fendlerbush after German botanist Augustus Fendler / growing on cliffs

Ferocactus gracilis - fire barrel cactus Latin "ferus" (fierce) cactus / very slender or graceful

Ferocactus wislizeni - barrel cactus Latin "ferus" (fierce) cactus / after botanist A. Wislizenius

Ficus aurea - strangler fig Latin name for Ficus carica / golden, beautiful or splendid

Ficus carica - common fig Latin name for Ficus carica / leaves like carica (papaya)

Ficus macrophylla - Moreton Bay fig Latin name for Ficus carica / large leaves

Firmiana simplex - Chinese parasoltree After Lombardian (Italy) Governor Jose de Firmian / simple (leaves) or unbranched

Forestiera acuminata - eastern swampprivet after naturalist Charles Le Forestier / long pointed leaf tip

Forestiera pubescens - desert-olive after Dr. Andre Forestier / pubescent

Forsythia spp. - forsythia after William Forsyth, Scottish gardener / after William Forsyth, Scottish gardener

Fothergilla gardenii - dwarf fothergilla after naturalist Dr. John Fothergill / after botanist Dr. Alexander Garden

Fothergilla major - large fothergilla after naturalist Dr. John Fothergill / large

Fothergilla xintermedia - hybrid fothergilla after naturalist Dr. John Fothergill / a reference to the cross between gardenii and major

Fouquieria columnaris - boojum tree after naturalist Pierre Edouard Fouquier / columnar

Fouquieria splendens - ocotillo after naturalist Pierre Edouard Fouquier / splendid (flowers)

Frangula alnus - glossy buckthorn after Rhamnus frangula, which is a pre-Linnaen name / alder-like foliage

Frangula californica - California buckthorn after Rhamnus frangula, which is a pre-Linnaen name / of California

Frangula caroliniana - Carolina buckthorn after Rhamnus frangula, which is a pre-Linnaen name / of Carolina

Frangula purshiana - Cascara buckthorn after Rhamnus frangula, which is a pre-Linnaen name / after German botanist Friedrich Pursh

Franklinia alatamaha - Franklin tree after Benjamin Franklin / of the Altamaha River in Georgia

Fraxinus americana - white ash the Latin name / of America

Fraxinus angustifolia - narrowleaf ash the Latin name / narrow leaves

Fraxinus anomala - singleleaf ash the Latin name / strange or unusual, anomolous

Fraxinus caroliniana - Carolina ash the Latin name / of Carolina

Fraxinus dipetala - two-petal ash the Latin name / two petals

Fraxinus excelsior - European ash the Latin name / ever higher

Fraxinus gooddingii - Gooding ash the Latin name / after botanist Leslie Newton Goodding

Fraxinus latifolia - Oregon ash the Latin name / broad-leaved

Fraxinus nigra - black ash the Latin name / black

Fraxinus ornus - flowering ash the Latin name / the Latin name for mountain-ash

Fraxinus pennsylvanica - green ash the Latin name / of Pennsylvania

Fraxinus profunda - pumpkin ash the Latin name / deep or profound

Fraxinus quadrangulata - blue ash the Latin name / four-angled

Fraxinus velutina - Arizona ash the Latin name / velvety hairy

Fremontodendron californicum - California fremontia after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont / of California

Fremontodendron mexicanum - Mexican fremontia after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont / of Mexico

Gambelia juncea - Baja bush snapdragon after Gambel / rush-like, stems with few leaves

Garrya elliptica - wavyleaf silktassel after Nicholas Garry / elliptical (leaves)

Garrya flavescens - ashy silktassel after Nicholas Garry / becoming yellow

Garrya fremontii - bearbrush after Nicholas Garry / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Garrya wrightii - Wright silktassel after Nicholas Garry / after Wright, a botanical collector

Gaultheria procumbens - teaberry after Gaulthier, Canadian botanist / prostrate

Gaultheria shallon - salal after Gaulthier, Canadian botanist / Indian name

Gaylussacia spp. - huckleberry after chemist Gay-Lussac / after chemist Gay-Lussac

Gelsemium rankinii - swamp jessamine Italian "gelsomino" (jasmine) / after botanist Henry Ashby Rankin

Gelsemium sempervirens - false jessamine Italian "gelsomino" (jasmine) / evergreen - Latin "semper" (always) and "vivere" (live)

Ginkgo biloba - ginkgo Japanese "ginkyo" (silver apricot) and Chinese ngin-ghang / two-lobed (leaves)

Gleditsia aquatica - waterlocust after Gottlieb Gleditsch, German botanist / water

Gleditsia triacanthos - honeylocust after Gottlieb Gleditsch, German botanist / Greek "treis" (three) and "akantha" (spine)

Gordonia lasianthus - loblolly bay after nurseryman James Gordon / rough anthers

Grusonia invicta - dagger cholla after German engineer Hermann Gruson / unconquered

Guaiacum angustifolium - soapbush a local name / narrow leaves

Guaiacum coulteri - guayacan a local name / after Thomas Coulter

Guaiacum officinale - lignum-vitae a local name / Latin "officina" (workshop) for its use in producing medicines.

Gymnocladus dioicus - Kentucky coffeetree Greek "gymnos" (naked) and "klados" (a branch) referring to leaves that grow following stem growth in spring / dioecious (two houses)

Halesia diptera - two-wing silverbell after English scientist Stephen Hales / two wings

Halesia tetraptera - silverbell after English scientist Stephen Hales / four wings

Hamamelis vernalis - vernal witch-hazel Greek name for a tree with pear-shaped fruits (the medlar) / of spring - flowers in spring

Hamamelis virginiana - witch-hazel Greek name for a tree with pear-shaped fruits (the medlar) / of Virginia

Hamamelis xintermedia - hybrid witch-hazel Greek name for a tree with pear-shaped fruits (the medlar) / intermediate

Hedera helix - English ivy Latin name / "winding around", referring to staff carried by Baccharus

Helianthus gracilentus - slender sunflower Greek "helios" (sun) and "anthos" (flower) / very slender or graceful

Heptacodium miconioides - seven sons flower Latin "hepta" (seven) and "codium" (head) for the 7 flowers in a flowerhead / like the Genus Miconia (after botanist Francisco Mico)

Hesperocyparis arizonica - Arizona cypress Greek "hesperos" (of the evening, western) / of Arizona

Hesperocyparis bakeri - Baker cypress Greek "hesperos" (of the evening, western) / after American botanist Milo Samuel Baker

Hesperocyparis forbesii - Tecate cypress Greek "hesperos" (of the evening, western) / after botanist Charles Noyes Forbes

Hesperocyparis macrocarpa - Monterey cypress Greek "hesperos" (of the evening, western) / Greek "makros" (large) and "karpos" (seed)

Heteromeles arbutifolia - toyon Greek "hetero" (different) and "melon" (apple) / arbutus-leaved

Hibiscus syriacus - rose-of-sharon Greek name for mallow / of Syria

Holodiscus discolor - oceanspray Greek "holos" (entire) and "diskos" (disk), referring to unlobed discs / two-colored (leaves green and gray)

Holodiscus dumosus - bush oceanspray Greek "holos" (entire) and "diskos" (disk), referring to unlobed discs / shrubby or small

Hovenia dulcis - Japanese raisintree after German David Hove, financier for Thunberg / sweet (fruits)

Hydrangea anomala - climbing hydrangea Greek "hydor" (water) and ""aggos" (jar) for cupped fruits / irregular, deviating from the norm - this hydrangea is a vine

Hydrangea arborescens - wild hydrangea Greek "hydor" (water) and ""aggos" (jar) for cupped fruits / tree-like

Hydrangea macrophylla - bigleaf hydrangea Greek "hydor" (water) and ""aggos" (jar) for cupped fruits / big leaves

Hydrangea paniculata - panicle hydrangea Greek "hydor" (water) and ""aggos" (jar) for cupped fruits / flowers in panicles

Hydrangea quercifolia - oakleaf hydrangea Greek "hydor" (water) and ""aggos" (jar) for cupped fruits / leaves oak-like

Hypericum spp. - Saint Johnswort Greek "hyper" (above) and "eikon" (picture) - it was hung above pictures to ward off evil spirits / Greek "hyper" (above) and "eikon" (picture) - it was hung above pictures to ward off evil spirits

Hyptis emoryi - desert lavender Greek "huptios"(turned back) - for the flowers / after Maj. William Hemsley Emory

Ilex amelanchier - sarvis holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / holly-like leaves

Ilex cassine - dahoon from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / Latin "casso" to destroy or Latin "cassi" (a helmet)

Ilex chinensis - Kashi holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / Latin "purpureus" (dark red)

Ilex coriacea - large gallberry from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / leathery (leaves)

Ilex cornuta - Chinese holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / horned (leaf spines)

Ilex crenata - Japanese holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / with shallow rounded teeth

Ilex decidua - deciduous holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / deciduous Latin "de" (down) and "cadere" (to fall)

Ilex glabra - inkberry from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / glabrous (lacking hair)

Ilex montana - mountain holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / of the mountains

Ilex myrtifolia - myrtle holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / myrtle-like leaves

Ilex opaca - American holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / not glossy, shady, opaque

Ilex verticillata - winterberry holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / in circles around the stem, probably in reference to the lenticels

Ilex vomitoria - yaupon from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / inducing vomiting

Ilex xattenuata - Foster's holly from Latin name for Quercus ilex (holly oak) / to make thin

Illicium floridanum - Florida anise tree Alluring / of Florida, or flowering

Illicium parviflorum - yellow anisetree Alluring (fragrance) / small flowered

Itea virginica - sweetspire Greek name for willow / of Virginia

Iva frutescens - marsh-elder the mint Ajuga iva has a similar odor / shrubby

Iva hayesiana - San Diego povertyweed the mint Ajuga iva has a similar odor / after naturalist Sutton Hayes

Jacaranda mimosifolia - jacaranda a native Brazilian name / mimosa-like foliage

Jamesia americana - fivepetal cliffbush after American botanist Edwin P. James / of America

Jasminum nudiflorum - winter jasmine Persian "Yasameen" (gift from God) / flowering before leaves

Jatropha cuneata - limberbush Greek "iatros" (physician) and "trophe" (food), for its medicinal properties / wedge-shaped (leaves)

Juglans ailantifolia - Japanese walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / leaves like Ailanthus

Juglans californica - California black walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / of California

Juglans cinerea - butternut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / ashy gray (bark)

Juglans hindsii - Hind's black walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / after naturalist Richard Brinsley Hinds

Juglans major - Arizona walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / large

Juglans microcarpa - little walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / small fruit

Juglans nigra - black walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / black (bark)

Juglans regia - English walnut Latin name for Juglans regia Latin "jovis" (Jupiter) and "glans" (nut) / regal, of kings

Juniperus californica - California juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / of California

Juniperus chinensis - Chinese juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / of China

Juniperus communis - common juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / common

Juniperus conferta - shore juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / crowded (leaves)

Juniperus deppeana - alligator juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen /

Juniperus horizontalis - creeping juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / horizontal (habit)

Juniperus monosperma - oneseed juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / "mono" (one) and "sperm" (seed)

Juniperus occidentalis - western juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Juniperus osteosperma - Utah juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / "osteo" (bone) and "sperm" (seed)

Juniperus pinchotii - redberry juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / after Gifford Pinchot

Juniperus procumbens - Ibuki juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / prostrate

Juniperus scopulorum - Rocky Mountain juniper Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / growing on cliffs

Juniperus virginiana - eastern redcedar Latin name from "junio" (young) and "parere" (to produce) - evergreen / of Virginia

Justicia californica - beloperone after Scottish horticultarilist James Justice / of California

Kalmia angustifolia - sheep laurel after Pehr Kalm, student of Linnaeus / narrow-leaved

Kalmia latifolia - mountain laurel after Pehr Kalm, student of Linnaeus / broad-leaved

Kalmia microphylla - alpine laurel after Pehr Kalm, student of Linnaeus / small leaves

Kalmia polifolia - bog laurel after Pehr Kalm, student of Linnaeus / gray leaves

Koeberlinia spinosa - allthorn after German botanist C.L. Koeberlin / bearing spines

Koelreuteria paniculata - goldenraintree after German botanist Joseph Koelreuter / flowers in panicles

Kolkwitzia amabilis - beautybush after Richard Kolkwitz, German botanist / beautiful

Krameria grayi - white ratany after botanist Johann Georg Heinrich Kramer / after botanist Asa Gray

Laburnum xwatereri - goldenchain tree Latin name / after the Waterer nursery that introduced this cross

Lagerstroemia indica - crapemyrtle after Magnus von Lagerstrom, friend of Linneus / Indian

Lagunaria patersonii - Norfolk Island hibiscus alluding to the similarity with Lagunaea, ancient name for a hibiscus / after botanist W. Paterson

Laguncularia racemosa - white mangrove Latin "laguncula" (little bottle) / flowers in racemes

Larix decidua - European larch Latin name / deciduous Latin "de" (down) and "cadere" (to fall)

Larix kaempferi - Japanese larch Latin name / after Engelbert Kaempfer, German botanist

Larix laricina - tamarack Latin name / pertaining to larch

Larix lyallii - subalpine larch Latin name / after botanist David Lyall

Larix occidentalis - western larch Latin name / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Larix xmarschlinsii - Dunkeld larch Latin name / after Swiss naturalist Carl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins

Larrea tridentata - creosote bush after Juan Antonio de Larrea / three-toothed

Laurus nobilis - laurel Latin name for this tree / regal, renowned

Lavatera assurgentiflora - island mallow after the Lavater brothers / flowers in ascending clusters

Ledum groenlandicum - Labrador tea Greek "ledon", the name for Genus Cistus / of Greenland

Leitneria floridana - corkwood after Dr. E. T. Leitner, German naturalist / of Florida

Leptospermum scoparium - manuka Latin "lepto" (thin or fine) and "sperm" (seed) / broom-like

Leucaena retusa - littleleaf leadtree white / notched at the tip

Leucothoe axillaris - coast leucothoe from Greek mythology Leucothoe was changed into a shrub by her lover, Apollo / refers to flowers in leaf axils

Ligustrum amurense - Amur privet the Latin name / of Amur

Ligustrum japonicum - Japanese privet the Latin name / of Japan

Ligustrum obtusifolium - border privet the Latin name / obtuse leaves

Ligustrum sinense - Chinese privet the Latin name / of China

Ligustrum vulgare - common privet the Latin name / common

Lindera benzoin - spicebush after Johann Linder, Swedish botanist / Arabic name - resinous balsams

Linnaea borealis - twinflower after Linnaeus / northern

Lippia alba - verbena after naturalist Dr. A Lippi / white

Liquidambar styraciflua - sweetgum Latin "liquidus" (liquid) and "ambar" (amber), referring to resin containing storax / flowing with styrax (an aromatic balsam)

Liriodendron tulipifera - yellow-poplar Greek "leiron" (lily) and "dendron" (tree) / tulip-bearing

Lonicera canadensis - American fly honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / of Canada

Lonicera ciliosa - western trumpet honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / fringed

Lonicera conjugialis - purpleflower honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / Latin "conjugatus" (united) - the fruits are paired

Lonicera hispidula - pink honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / bristly

Lonicera involucrata - twinberry after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / with an involucre

Lonicera japonica - Japanese honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / of Japan

Lonicera maackii - Amur honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / after a botanist named Mackay

Lonicera morrowii - Morrow honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / unknown - after a botanist named Morrow

Lonicera sempervirens - trumpet honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / Latin "semper" (always) and "vivere" (live)

Lonicera tatarica - Tatarian honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / from Tartary (central Asia)

Lonicera utahensis - red twinberry after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / of Utah

Lonicera xbella - Belle's honeysuckle after Adam Lonitzer, German naturalist / pretty

Ludwigia peruviana - Peruvian primrose-willow After German botanist Christian Gottlieb Ludwig / of Peru

Lupinus arboreus - yellow bush lupine Latin "lupus" (wolf) - refers to belief Lupines rob the soil of nutrients / tree-like

Lupinus chamissonis - dune lupine Latin "lupus" (wolf) - refers to belief Lupines rob the soil of nutrients / after botanist Adelbert von Chamisso

Lycium andersonii - Anderson boxthorn ancient Greek name for a thorny tree / after naturalist Dr. Charles Lewis Anderson

Lycium barbarum - goji berry ancient Greek name for a thorny tree / foreign

Lycium brevipes - Baja desert-thorn ancient Greek name for a thorny tree / with a short stalk

Lycium fremontii - Fremont's desert-thorn ancient Greek name for a thorny tree / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Lyonia ferruginea - staggerbush after John Lyon, Scottish gardener / rusty red, for the rusty hairs on the stem

Lyonia ligustrina - maleberry after John Lyon, Scottish gardener / ligustrum (privet)-like (foliage)

Lyonia lucida - fetterbush lyonia after John Lyon, Scottish gardener / bright, shining or clear - leaves are shiny

Lyonothamnus floribundus - lyon tree after William Scrugham Lyon and from "thamnus" (shrub) / abundunt flowers

Lysiloma candidum - palo blanco Latin "lys" (to unfasten or dissolve) and Greek "loma" (border or fringe) / white

Lysiloma watsonii - desertfern Latin "lys" (to unfasten or dissolve) and Greek "loma" (border or fringe) / after English botanist Sir William Watson

Maclura pomifera - Osage-orange after geologist William Maclure / "pommum" (apple) and "ferre" (to bear) - apple-bearing

Magnolia acuminata - cucumbertree after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / long pointed leaf tip

Magnolia ashei - Ashe magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / after American forester William Ashe

Magnolia fraseri - Fraser magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / after John Fraser

Magnolia grandiflora - southern magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / large flowering

Magnolia macrophylla - bigleaf magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / big leaves

Magnolia pyramidata - pyramid magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / pyramid-shaped (leaves)

Magnolia stellata - star magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / stellate or star-like (flowers)

Magnolia tripetala - umbrella magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / three petals

Magnolia virginiana - sweetbay magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / of Virginia

Magnolia xsoulangiana - saucer magnolia after Pierre Magnol, French botanist / after Etienne Soulange-Bodin, French horticulturalist

Mahonia aquifolium - tall Oregon-grape after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / holly-like leaves

Mahonia fremontii - Fremont barberry after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Mahonia haematocarpa - red barberry after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / blood-red (fruit)

Mahonia nervosa - dwarf Oregon-grape after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / veined or nerved (leaves)

Mahonia nevinii - Nevine's barberry after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / after botanist Reverand Joseph C. Nevin

Mahonia repens - creeping mahonia after horticulturist Bernard M. Mahen / creeping or low

Malosma laurina - laurel sumac apple-like fragrance / laurel-like foliage

Malus angustifolia - southern crab apple Latin name for apple, Greek "melon" / small leaf

Malus fusca - Oregon crabapple Latin name for apple, Greek "melon" / dark brown

Malus spp. - apple Latin name for apple, Greek "melon" / Latin name for apple, Greek "melon"

Mangifera indica - mango Local name of the fruit plus Latin "ferre" (to carry) / of India

Melaleuca linariifolia - flaxleaf paperbark Greek "melas" (black) and "leukos" (white) for the contrast between bark and leaves / narrow leaves

Melaleuca quinquenervia - melaleuca Greek "melas" (black) and "leukos" (white) for the contrast between bark and leaves / Latin "quinqu" (five) and "nervus" (nerve or tendon)

Melia azedarach - Chinaberry Greek name for ash (similar leaves) / Native name

Menziesia ferruginea - false azalea after naturalist Archibald Menzies / rusty red, for its copper-colored flowers

Menziesia pilosa - minniebush after naturalist Archibald Menzies / hairy or shaggy

Metasequoia glyptostroboides - dawn redwood Greek "meta" (changed) and sequoia (a relative) / glypto (carved) and stroboides (overlapping scales)

Metopium toxiferum - poisonwood he gum of an African tree, probably because the trunk yields a (poisonous) black sap / bearing poison, Greek "toxikon" (poison) and "fera" (to bear)

Mimosa aculeaticarpa - catclaw mimosa Spanish "mimoso" (sensitive) / Latin "aculeata" (prickly) and "carpa" (fruit)

Mitchella repens - partridgeberry after botanist John Mitchell / creeping

Morella californica - Pacific waxmyrtle unknown, perhaps a town in Italy or Spain / of California

Morella cerifera - waxmyrtle unknown, perhaps a town in Italy or Spain / wax bearing

Morella inodora - odorless bayberry unknown, perhaps a town in Italy or Spain / lacking odor

Morella pensylvanica - northern bayberry unknown, perhaps a town in Italy or Spain / of Pennsylvania

Morus alba - white mulberry Latin name for Morus nigra from Greek "morea" (mulberry tree) / white

Morus microphylla - Texas mulberry Latin name for Morus nigra from Greek "morea" (mulberry tree) / small leaves

Morus rubra - red mulberry Latin name for Morus nigra from Greek "morea" (mulberry tree) / red

Musa spp. - banana bananas are similar to Heliconia spp., which grow on Mount Helicon, the home of the Muses / bananas are similar to Heliconia spp., which grow on Mount Helicon, the home of the Muses

Myrica gale - sweetgale Greek "myrike" (Tamarix) / old English "gagel"

Myrsine cubana - colicwood From the Greek word for myrtle (Myrtus communis) / of Cuba

Myrtillocactus geometrizans - blue myrtle-cactus fruit resembling Vaccinium myrtillus / geometric, patterned

Myrtus communis - myrtle ancient word for this tree / common, growing as a community

Nandina domestica - heavenly bamboo Japanese name "nanten" / cultivated

Nerium oleander - oleander from the old Greek name "oleon" for this tree / olive tree, for the resemblence of the leaves to olive leaves

Neviusia alabamensis - Alabama snow-wreath after botanist/reverend Reuben Nevius / of Alabama

Nicotiana tomentosa - tobacco after Jean Nicot, who introduced tobacco to the French / hairy

Nolina texana - beargrass after French agronomist C.P. Nolin / of Texas

Notholithocarpus densiflorus - tanoak Latin "nothus" (false) and Greek "lithos" (stone) and "karpos" (fruit) for its hard fruit / densely flowered

Nyssa aquatica - water tupelo Greek "Nysa" - a water nymph / of water

Nyssa biflora - swamp tupelo Greek "Nysa" - a water nymph / two-flowered

Nyssa ogeche - Ogeechee tupelo Greek "Nysa" - a water nymph / after the Ogeechee River, in Georgia

Nyssa sylvatica - blackgum Greek "Nysa" - a water nymph / of the woods - Latin "silva" (forest)

Oemleria cerasiformis - Indian-plum after German botanist Augustus Oemler / cherry bearing

Olea europaea - olive ancient name for an olive tree / of Europe

Olneya tesota - desert ironwood after naturalist Stephen Thayer Olney / after the Spanish "tieso" (stiff)

Oplopanax horridus - Devilsclub Greek "oplo" (armed) and "panax" (a plant that heals all diseases) - it was originally described as a member of the Panax genus / frightful, rough, bristly, horrible

Opuntia aurea - golden pricklypear Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / golden, beautiful or splendid

Opuntia engelmannii - Engelmann's pricklypear Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / after Dr. George Engelmann

Opuntia polyacantha - Plains pricklypear Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / Latin "poly" (many) and "acantha" (thorn)

Opuntia rufida - blind pricklypear Greek name for an edible plant that could be rooted from leaves / rusty red

Osmanthus americanus - devilwood Greek "osme" (odor) and "anthos" (flower) / of America

Osteomeles anthyllidifolia - Hawaii hawthorne Greek "osteon" (bone) and "malus" (apple), a reference to the fruit / Greek "anthemon" (flower) and "folia" (leaf)

Ostrya virginiana - hophornbeam Greek "ostrya or ostrua" (a tree with hard wood) / of Virginia

Oxydendrum arboreum - sourwood Greek "oxys" (acid) and "dendron" (tree) - refers to acid-tasting leaves / tree-like

Pachycereus pringlei - cardón Greek "pachys" (thick) and Latin "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / after Quaker naturalist Cyrus Guernsey Pringle

Pachycereus schottii - senita cactus Greek "pachys" (thick) and Latin "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / after naturalist Arthur Schott

Pachycormus discolor - torote blanco Greek "pachys" (thick) and "kormos" (stump) / one color

Pachysandra terminalis - Japanese pachysandra Greek "pachys" (thick) and "andra" (male) / terminal (flowers)

Parkinsonia aculeata - Jerusalem thorn after English naturalist J. Parkinson / prickly

Parkinsonia florida - blue paloverde after English naturalist J. Parkinson / flowering

Parkinsonia microphylla - yellow paloverde after English naturalist J. Parkinson / small leaves

Parrotia persica - Persian ironwood after German naturalist F.W. Parrot / of Persia

Parthenium argentatum - guayule Greek "Parthenion" (Genus Matricaria), which is similar / / silvery (leaves)

Parthenocissus quinquefolia - Virginia creeper Greek "parthenos" (a virgin) and "kissos" (ivy) / five leaflets

Parthenocissus tricuspidata - Boston ivy Greek "parthenos" (a virgin) and "kissos" (ivy) / three-pointed (leaves)

Paulownia fortunei - dragon tree After Princess Paulowna of Russia / after Robert Fortune

Paulownia tomentosa - royal paulownia After Princess Paulowna of Russia / hairy (leaves)

Paxistima myrsinites - false box Greek for thick stigma / resembles myrtles

Penstemon ellipticus - rocky ledge penstemon Greek "pente" (five) and "stemon" (stamen) / elliptical (leaves)

Perityle incana - Guadalupe Island rock daisy Greek "peri" (around) and "tyle" (callous), describing the fruit / hoary

Persea americana - avocado Greek name of a tree / of America

Persea borbonia - redbay Greek name of a tree / after the Duke of Orleans Gaston de Bourbon, a patron of botanists.

Persea palustris - swampbay Greek name of a tree / of the swamps

Petrophytum caespitosum - rockmat Greek "petra" (rock) and "phyton" (plant) / dense clumps, in patches

Phellodendron amurense - Amur corktree Greek "phellos" (cork) and "dendron" (tree) / of Amur

Phellodendron japonicum - Japanese corktree Greek "phellos" (cork) and "dendron" (tree) / of Japan

Philadelphus coronarius - European mockorange once considered a Syringa, Linnaeus arbitrarily dedicated it to Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy II Philadelphus / used in garlands

Philadelphus inodorus - scentless mockorange once considered a Syringa, Linnaeus arbitrarily dedicated it to Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy II Philadelphus / without odor

Philadelphus lewisii - mockorange once considered a Syringa, Linnaeus arbitrarily dedicated it to Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy II Philadelphus / after Meriwether Lewis (of Lewis and Clark)

Philadelphus pubescens - hoary mockorange once considered a Syringa, Linnaeus arbitrarily dedicated it to Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy II Philadelphus / pubescent

Phoenix canariensis - Canary Island date palm Greek name for this Genus / of the Canary Islands

Phoenix roebelenii - pygmy date palm Greek name for this Genus / of the Canary Islands

Photinia xfraseri - red tips Greek "photos" (light), referring to shiny leaves / After Fraser nurseries

Physocarpus capitatus - ninebark Greek "physa" (bladder) and "karpon" (fruit) / having or forming a head

Physocarpus malvaceus - mallow ninebark Greek "physo" (bladder) and "karpos" (fruit) / mallow-like (leaves)

Physocarpus monogynus - mountain ninebark Greek "physo" (bladder) and "karpos" (fruit) / one ovary

Physocarpus opulifolius - common ninebark Greek "physa" (bladder) and "karpon" (fruit) / / Latin name for a kind of maple

Picea abies - Norway spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / fir (needles flattened like a fir)

Picea alcoquiana - Alcock's Spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / after Sir Rutherford Alcock, British minister to Tokyo

Picea breweriana - Brewer spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / after William Brewer, American botanist

Picea chihuahuana - Chihuahua spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / of the Mexican State of Chihuahua

Picea engelmannii - Engelmann spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / after Dr. George Engelmann

Picea glauca - white spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / waxy whitish bloom

Picea mariana - black spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / of Maryland

Picea omorika - Serbian spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / Serbian name for this tree

Picea orientalis - Oriental spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / of the east

Picea pungens - blue spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / sharp (leaves) - Latin "pungere" (to prick)

Picea rubens - red spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / blushed with red (buds and bark) - Latin "rubere" (red)

Picea sitchensis - Sitka spruce Latin "pix" (pitch-producing) from Greek "pissa" (pitch) / of Sitka, Alaska

Pieris floribunda - mountain pieris from Pierides, a Muse / abundantly flowering

Pieris japonica - Japanese pieris from Pierides, a Muse / flowering profusely

Pinckneya bracteata - fevertree after Charles Cotesworth Pinckney / a reference to the flower bracts

Pinus albicaulis - whitebark pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / white-stemmed

Pinus aristata - Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / bristle, thorn, awned (armed cone) Latin "arista" (bristle)

Pinus attenuata - knobcone pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / drawn-out (cones)

Pinus banksiana - jack pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after botanist Joseph Banks

Pinus brutia - Turkish pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / probably after Bruttii (an Italian tribe) or Bruttium (an ancient name for the Calabria region in southern Italy)

Pinus bungeana - lacebark pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Alexander von Bunge, Russian botanist

Pinus cembra - Swiss stone pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / the Italian name for this species

Pinus clausa - sand pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Latin "clausus" (shut - cones remain closed)

Pinus contorta - lodgepole pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / twisted Latin "torque" (to twist)

Pinus coulteri - Coulter pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Thomas Coulter

Pinus densiflora - Japanese red pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / densely flowered

Pinus echinata - shortleaf pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Greek "echinos" (a hedgehog, prickly - a reference to the cone scales)

Pinus edulis - pinyon pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / edible (seeds)

Pinus elliottii - slash pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after American botanist Stephen Elliott

Pinus engelmannii - Apache pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus"/ after Dr. George Engelmann / Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus"/ after Dr. George Engelmann

Pinus flexilis - limber pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / flexible

Pinus glabra - spruce pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / glabrous (lacking hair)

Pinus halepensis - Aleppo pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Aleppo, because it grows near Aleppo and in other parts of Syria

Pinus jeffreyi - Jeffrey pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after John Jeffrey

Pinus lambertiana - sugar pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Aylmer Lambert

Pinus leiophylla - Chihuahua pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / smooth leaves

Pinus longaeva - Great Basin bristlecone pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Latin "longaevus" (ancient or aged)

Pinus monophylla - singleleaf pinyon Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / one leaf

Pinus monticola - western white pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / growing on mountains

Pinus mugo - mugo pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Tyrolese name

Pinus muricata - Bishop pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / roughened with hard points

Pinus nigra - Austrian pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / black

Pinus palustris - longleaf pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / of swamps - Latin "palus" (swamp)

Pinus parviflora - Japanese white pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / small-flowered

Pinus pinea - Italian stone pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / ancient Greek name for this genus

Pinus ponderosa - ponderosa pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / ponderous or heavy (wood) - Latin "pondus" (weight or size)

Pinus pungens - Table Mountain pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / sharp (cones) - Latin "pungere" (to prick)

Pinus quadrifolia - Parry pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / four-leaved

Pinus radiata - Monterey pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Latin "radi" (a spoke or ray) or "radian" (shining)

Pinus resinosa - red pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / resinous

Pinus rigida - pitch pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / rigid (leaves)

Pinus roxburghii - chir pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Scottish botanist William Roxburgh

Pinus sabiniana - gray pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after British naturalist Joseph Sabine

Pinus serotina - pond pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / Latin "serus" (late) - cones are slow to open

Pinus strobiformis - southwestern white pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / like Pinus strobus

Pinus strobus - eastern white pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / incense-bearing or a gum-yielding tree (pitchy) or Greek "strobus" (cone)

Pinus sylvestris - Scots pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / of the woods - Latin "silva" (forest)

Pinus taeda - loblolly pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / a torch of pine wood - resinous

Pinus thunbergii - Japanese black pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg

Pinus torreyana - Torrey pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after botanist John Torrey

Pinus virginiana - Virginia pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / of Virginia

Pinus wallichiana - Himalaya pine Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / after Danish botanist Nathaniel Wallich

Pinus xrigitaeda - pitchlob hybrid Latin name for pine from Greek "pitus" / hybrid of rigida x taeda

Pistacia chinensis - Chinese pistache ancient Greek name for this genus / of China

Planera aquatica - water elm after German botanist Johann Planer / of water

Platanus occidentalis - American sycamore Greek "platanos" (broad or flat) / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Platanus racemosa - California sycamore Greek "platanos" (broad or flat) / racemes

Platanus wrightii - Arizona sycamore Greek "platanos" (broad or flat) / after Wright, a botanical collector

Platanus xhispanica - London plane tree Greek "platanos" (broad or flat) / origin

Platycladus orientalis - Oriental arborvitae Greek "platy" (broad or flat) and "cladus" (branch) / of the east

Pluchea sericea - arrow-weed after French naturalist N.A. Pluche / silky or Latin "serus" (late or tardy)

Podocarpus macrophyllus - shrubby yew Greek "podos" (foot) and "carpus" (seed) / large leaves

Poliomintha incana - rosemary mint Greek "polios" (hoary) and "mintha" (mint) / hoary

Poncirus trifoliata - trifoliate orange French name of a citron / three leaflets

Populus alba - European white poplar Latin name / white

Populus angustifolia - narrowleaf cottonwood Latin name / narrow leaves

Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera - balsam poplar Latin name / balsam bearing

Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa - black cottonwood Latin name / balsam bearing

Populus deltoides - eastern cottonwood Latin name / triangular (leaf)

Populus fremontii - Fremont cottonwood Latin name / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Populus grandidentata - bigtooth aspen Latin name / with large teeth

Populus heterophylla - swamp cottonwood Latin name / Greek "hetero" (different) "phylla" (leaf) - with variable leaves

Populus nigra var. italica - Lombardy poplar Latin name / black

Populus tremuloides - quaking aspen Latin name / named for its resemblance to Populus tremula

Prosopis glandulosa - honey mesquite Greek name for burdock / gland-bearing

Prosopis pubescens - screwbean mesquite Greek name for burdock / fuzzy

Prosopis velutina - velvet mesquite Greek name for burdock / Latin "velutum" (velvety)

Prunus alleghaniensis - Allegheny plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / from Alleghany region

Prunus americana - American plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of America

Prunus angustifolia - Chickasaw plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / narrow-leaved

Prunus avium - sweet cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of birds (distribute seeds), where birds are found Latin "avis" (bird)

Prunus caroliniana - Carolina laurelcherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Carolina

Prunus cerasifera - purple leaf plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / cherry-bearing

Prunus cerasus - sour cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / Latin word for a cherry

Prunus emarginata - bitter cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / out or away from

Prunus fasciculata - desert almond Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / fascicle-like bundles of leaves

Prunus fremontii - desert apricot Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Prunus ilicifolia - hollyleaf cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / holly-like leaves

Prunus laurocerasus - cherrylaurel Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / laurel-like (leaves) and the Latin word for a cherry

Prunus maritima - beach plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / maritime, near the ocean

Prunus mexicana - Mexican plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Mexico

Prunus pensylvanica - fire cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Pennsylvania

Prunus persica - peach Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Persia

Prunus salicina - Asian plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / Latin word for a willow

Prunus sargentii - Sargent cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / after Sargent

Prunus serotina - black cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / Latin "serus" (late) - late maturing fruit

Prunus serrula - birch bark cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / serrate (leaves)

Prunus serrulata - Kwanzan cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / small teeth (leaves)

Prunus subcordata - Klamath plum Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / somewhat heart-shaped

Prunus subhirtella - Higan cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / somewhat hairy

Prunus virginiana - choke cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Virginia

Prunus xyedoensis - Yoshino cherry Latin name for plum trees from Greek "prunos" (plum or cherry) / of Tokyo (Yedo)

Pseudocydonia sinensis - Chinese-quince resembling Cydonia / of China

Pseudotsuga macrocarpa - bigcone Douglas-fir false Tsuga / large cones

Pseudotsuga menziesii - Douglas-fir false Tsuga / after naturalist Archibald Menzies

Pseudotsuga sinensis - Chinese Douglas-fir false Tsuga / of China

Psilostrophe cooperi - paper-daisy from Greek "psilo" (naked) and "trophe" (loving, or to turn) / after Dr. James Graham Cooper

Psorothamnus fremontii - Fremont's dalea Greek for scabshrub / after the Pathfinder politician, General John C. Fremont

Psorothamnus schottii - Schott indigobush Greek for scabshrub / after naturalist Arthur Schott

Psorothamnus spinosus - desert smoke tree Greek for scabshrub / spiny

Ptelea trifoliata - hoptree Greek name for an elm (elm-like fruits) / three-leaved

Pueraria montana - kudzu after Swiss botanist M.N.Puerari / of the mountains

Punica granatum - pomegranate Latin "punicus" (red) / Latin "granatum" (grained, or seeded)

Purshia stansburiana - Stansbury cliffrose after German botanist Friedrick Pursh / after American surveyor Howard Stansbury

Purshia tridentata - bitterbrush After German botanist Friedrick Pursh / three teeth (leaves)

Pyracantha coccinea - scarlet firethorn Greek "pyr" (fire) and "akantha" (thorn) / scarlet (fruit), Greek "kakkos" (a berry)

Pyrularia pubera - buffalo nut small pear / minutely pubescent

Pyrus calleryana - Callery pear Latin name / after J. Callery, French missionary

Pyrus communis - common pear Latin name / common

Pyrus pyrifolia - Asian pear Latin name / Pear-like foliage

Quercus acutissima - sawtooth oak Latin name / sharply pointed leaves

Quercus agrifolia - coast live oak Latin name / with spiny or rough leaves

Quercus alba - white oak Latin name / white

Quercus arizonica - Arizona white oak Latin name / of Arizona

Quercus austrina - bluff oak Latin name / of the south, southern

Quercus berberidifolia - scrub oak Latin name / with Berberis-like foliage

Quercus bicolor - swamp white oak Latin name / 2-colored

Quercus chrysolepis - canyon live oak Latin name / Latin "chryso" (golden)

Quercus coccinea - scarlet oak Latin name / scarlet, Greek "kakkos" (a berry)

Quercus cornelius-mulleri - Muller oak Latin name / after ecologist Cornelius Herman Muller

Quercus douglasii - blue oak Latin name / after Scottish botanist David Douglas

Quercus dumosa - Nuttall's scrub oak Latin name / shrubby or small

Quercus durata - leather oak Latin name / Latin "durateus" (wooden, hard)

Quercus ellipsoidalis - northern pin oak Latin name / elliptical, for the shape of the fruit

Quercus emoryi - Emory oak Latin name / after Maj. William Hemsley Emory

Quercus engelmannii - Engelmann oak Latin name / after Dr. George Engelmann

Quercus falcata - southern red oak Latin name / sickle-shaped (leaves)

Quercus fusiformis - Texas live oak Latin name / spindle-shaped

Quercus gambelii - Gambel oak Latin name / after Gambel

Quercus garryana - Oregon white oak Latin name / after Nicholas Garry, friend of David Douglas

Quercus georgiana - Georgia oak Latin name / of Georgia

Quercus grisea - gray oak Latin name / gray

Quercus hemisphaerica - Darlington oak Latin name / hemispherical - perhaps a reference to the dome-shaped crown when open-grown

Quercus hypoleucoides - silverleaf oak Latin name / white below (the leaves)

Quercus ilicifolia - bear oak Latin name / holly-like leaves

Quercus imbricaria - shingle oak Latin name / Latin "imbrex" (tile) - was used for shingles

Quercus incana - bluejack oak Latin name / gray or hoary

Quercus kelloggii - California black oak Latin name / after Kellogg

Quercus laevis - turkey oak Latin name / Latin "laev" (smooth; nimble, light)

Quercus laurifolia - laurel oak Latin name / laurel-like leaves

Quercus lobata - valley oak Latin name / lobed leaves

Quercus lyrata - overcup oak Latin name / Greek "lyra" (lute) - lyre-shaped seed

Quercus macrocarpa - bur oak Latin name / Greek "makros" (large) and "karpos" (seed)

Quercus margaretta - sand post oak Latin name / perhaps Greek "margarit" (a pearl) or Latin "marg" (a border or edge)

Quercus marilandica - blackjack oak Latin name / of Maryland

Quercus michauxii - swamp chestnut oak Latin name / after F. A. Michaux

Quercus minima - running oak Latin name / small

Quercus montana - chestnut oak Latin name / of the mountains

Quercus muehlenbergii - chinkapin oak Latin name / after G.H.E. Muehlenberg

Quercus nigra - water oak Latin name / black

Quercus oblongifolia - Mexican blue oak Latin name / oblong leaves

Quercus oglethorpensis - Oglethorpe oak Latin name / after James Edward Oglethorpe

Quercus pagoda - cherrybark oak Latin name / leaf shaped like a pagoda

Quercus palustris - pin oak Latin name / of swamps - Latin "palus" (swamp)

Quercus phellos - willow oak Latin name / Greek "phellos" (corky - bark has rough, corky ridges)

Quercus prinoides - dwarf chinquapin oak Latin name / resembling Q. prinus (syn Q. montana), prinus referred to a Greek name of an oak

Quercus robur - English oak Latin name / Latin for hard wood or strength

Quercus rubra - northern red oak Latin name / red

Quercus rugosa - netleaf oak Latin name / wrinkled

Quercus sadleriana - deer oak Latin name / after botanist John Sadler

Quercus shumardii - Shumard oak Latin name / after Shumard

Quercus sinuata - Durand white oak Latin name / sinuous or wavy (leaves)

Quercus stellata - post oak Latin name / stellate (covered with stars), referring to hairs on leaf undersides

Quercus suber - cork oak Latin name / Latin for cork

Quercus texana - Nuttall oak Latin name / of Texas

Quercus tomentella - island live oak Latin name / densely hairy

Quercus turbinella - shrub live oak Latin name / shaped like a top (the acorns)

Quercus vacciniifolia - huckleberry oak Latin name / Vaccinium-like

Quercus velutina - black oak Latin name / Latin "velutum" (velvety, in reference to the buds)

Quercus virginiana - live oak Latin name / of Virginia

Quercus wislizeni - interior live oak Latin name / after botanist A. Wislizenius

Quillaja saponaria - soapbark unknown, probably a local/Chilean name / soap-bearing

Rhamnus cathartica - common buckthorn Greek name for buckthorn "rhamnos" / purgative

Rhamnus crocea - redberry Greek name for buckthorn "rhamnos" / saffron-colored (the inner bark)

Rhamnus ilicifolia - hollyleaf redberry Greek name for buckthorn "rhamnos" / holly-like leaves

Rhapidophyllum hystrix - needle palm Greek "rhapis" (needle) and "phyllum" (leaf) / Greek word for porcupine, many thorns

Rhizophora mangle - red mangrove Greek "rhiz" (a root) and "phor" (carry) / Portuguese "mang" (mongo)

Rhododendron albiflorum - white rhododendron Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / white flowers

Rhododendron atlanticum - dwarf azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / atlantic

Rhododendron austrinum - Florida azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / of the south, southern

Rhododendron calendulaceum - flame azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / like Calendula, referring to the flower color

Rhododendron canadense - rhodora Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / of Canada

Rhododendron canescens - swamp azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / covered in white, becoming hoary

Rhododendron catawbiense - Catawba rhododendron Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / refers to the Catawba River

Rhododendron macrophyllum - Pacific rhododendron Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / large leaves

Rhododendron maximum - great rhododendron Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / the largest

Rhododendron occidentale - western azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / western

Rhododendron periclymenoides - pink azalea Rose tree - Greek "rhodo" (red) and "dendron" (tree) / resembling a honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum)

Rhodotypos scandens - jet blackbead Greek "rhodo" (rose) and "typos" (type) / climbing

Rhus aromatica - fragrant sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / fragrant

Rhus copallinum - shining sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / Mexican name - yields copal gum

Rhus glabra - smooth sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / glabrous (lacking hair)

Rhus integrifolia - lemonade sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / entire leaf margins

Rhus kearneyi - Kearney's sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / after botanist Thomas Henry Kearney

Rhus lancea - African sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / narrow or slender leaves

Rhus lanceolata - prairie sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / lance-shaped (leaves)

Rhus lentii - lentisco Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) /

Rhus michauxii - Michaux's sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / after A. Michaux

Rhus microphylla - littleleaf sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / small leaves

Rhus ovata - sugar sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / ovate leaves

Rhus trilobata - skunkbush sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / three-lobed leaves

Rhus typhina - staghorn sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / rough hairy

Rhus virens - New Mexico evergreen sumac Latin name from Greek name for sumac "rhous" from Greek "reo" (to flow) / Latin "vivere" (to live) - evergreen

Ribes acerifolium - mapleleaf currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / with maple-like leaves

Ribes alpinum - mountain currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / alpine

Ribes aureum - golden currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / golden

Ribes bracteosum - stink currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / a reference to floral bracts

Ribes cereum - wax currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / waxy or wax-bearing

Ribes cynosbati - prickly gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / dog-thorn from Greek "kyon" (dog) and "bati" (thorn)

Ribes divaricatum - spreading gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / Latin "divarico" (to spread apart)

Ribes lacustre - prickly currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / of lakes

Ribes laxiflorum - trailing black currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / flowers in loose clusters

Ribes montigenum - mountain gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / mountain-borne

Ribes niveum - snow gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / snowy white

Ribes roezlii - Sierra gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / after Czech botanist Benedikt Roezl

Ribes rotundifolium - Appalachian gooseberry Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / round leaf

Ribes sanguineum - red-flowering currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / blood red (flowers)

Ribes viburnifolium - evergreen currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / with Viburnum-like leaves

Ribes viscosissimum - sticky currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / Latin "viscosus" (sticky) and "issimus" (to the highest degree), the stickiest

Ribes wolfii - Wolf's currant Arabic "ribas" (acidic tasting (fruit)) / after botanist John Wolf

Robinia hispida - bristly locust after Jean Robin, French Herbalist / bristly

Robinia neomexicana - New Mexican locust after Jean Robin, French Herbalist / of New Mexico

Robinia pseudoacacia - black locust after Jean Robin, French Herbalist / false acacia, Greek "akakia" (the Egyptian thorn-tree) and "akis" (thorn)

Rosa canina - dog rose Latin name / with sharp teeth or thorns

Rosa carolina - Carolina rose Latin name / of Carolina

Rosa gymnocarpa - little wood rose Latin name / Greek "gymnos" (naked) and "karpos" (fruit)

Rosa minutifolia - small-leaved rose Latin name / tiny leaves

Rosa multiflora - multiflora rose Latin name / many flowers

Rosa nutkana - Nootka rose Latin name / after the Nootka sound

Rosa pisocarpa - cluster rose Latin name / pea-like fruit

Rosa rubiginosa - sweetbriar rose Latin name / rust-red, a reference to the red hairs on the leaves and calyx

Rosa rugosa - rugosa rose Latin name / wrinkled (leaves)

Rosa woodsii - Woods' rose Latin name / after English botanist Joseph Woods

Roystonea regia - royal palm After General Roy Stone / Latin "regis" (king)

Rubus allegheniensis - Alleghany blackberry Latin name for blackberry / from Alleghany region

Rubus argutus - prickly Florida blackberry Latin name for blackberry / sharply toothed

Rubus armeniacus - Himalaya blackberry Latin name for blackberry / of Armenia

Rubus flagellaris - dewberry Latin name for blackberry / lash, thresh or flail

Rubus hayata-koidzumii - creeping raspberry Latin name for blackberry / after Japanese botanists Bunzo Hayata and Gen-ichi Koidzumi

Rubus idaeus - raspberry Latin name for blackberry / of Mt. Ida

Rubus laciniatus - evergreen blackberry Latin name for blackberry / deeply cut (leaves)

Rubus leucodermis - whitebark raspberry Latin name for blackberry / white bark

Rubus occidentalis - black raspberry Latin name for blackberry / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Rubus odoratus - purple flowering raspberry Latin name for blackberry / scented

Rubus parviflorus - thimbleberry Latin name for blackberry / small-flowered

Rubus pedatus - trailing raspberry Latin name for blackberry / like a bird foot, radiating from one point

Rubus phoenicolasius - wine raspberry Latin name for blackberry / with purple hairs (stems)

Rubus spectabilis - salmonberry Latin name for blackberry / spectacular

Rubus ursinus - wild blackberry Latin name for blackberry / of bears - bears eat the fruits

Sabal minor - bush palmetto Latin "sab" (sand), possibly a native term / smaller or slight

Sabal palmetto - cabbage palmetto Latin "sab" (sand), possibly a native term / palm grove

Salix alba - white willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / white

Salix arctica - Arctic willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / of the arctic

Salix babylonica - weeping willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / of Babylon

Salix bebbiana - Bebb's willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after Michael Bebb

Salix caprea - goat willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / Latin "capricorn" (relating to goats)

Salix discolor - pussy willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / two colors (leaf)

Salix exigua - sandbar willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / little or weak

Salix gooddingii - Goodding's willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after botanist Leslie Newton Goodding

Salix herbacea - dwarf willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / herb-like

Salix hookeriana - dune willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after William Jackson Hooker

Salix lasiolepis - arroyo willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / hairy or wooly

Salix lemmonii - Lemmon's willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after American botanist John Gill Lemmon

Salix lucida - shining willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / bright, shining or clear - leaves are shiny

Salix lutea - yellow willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / yellow

Salix matsudana - corkscrew willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after Japanese botanist Sadahisa Matsuda

Salix nigra - black willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / black

Salix prolixa - MacKenzie's willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / Latin "prolixa" (drawn-out)

Salix purpurea - purpleosier willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / purple

Salix scouleriana - Scouler willow LaLatin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / after naturalist Dr. John Scouler

Salix sitchensis - Sitka willow Latin name or Celtic "sal" (near) and "lis" (water) / of Sitka, Alaska

Salvia apiana - white sage Latin "salvio" (I am well), in reference to the curative properties of this genus / attractive to bees

Salvia clevelandii - fragrant sage Latin "salvio" (I am well), in reference to the curative properties of this genus / after botanist Daniel Cleveland

Salvia leucophylla - purple sage Latin "salvio" (I am well), in reference to the curative properties of this genus / white leaves

Salvia mellifera - black sage Latin "salvio" (I am well), in reference to the curative properties of this genus / bearing honey

Salvia officinalis - common sage Latin "salvio" (I am well), in reference to the curative properties of this genus / officinalis is a reference to the "officina", the medicinal storeroom of monastaries (a drug store)

Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis - American elderberry Greek "Sambuca" a stringed instrument made from elder wood / black, of Canada

Sambucus nigra ssp. cerulea - blue elderberry Greek "Sambuca" a stringed instrument made from elder wood / black, Latin "cera" (waxy - leaves)

Sambucus racemosa - red elderberry Greek "Sambuca" a stringed instrument made from elder wood / in racemes

Sapindus saponaria - soapberry Latin "sapindus" (soap of the Indies) / soap bearing

Sarcobatus vermiculatus - greasewood Greek "sarko" (flesh), referring to succulent leaves and "batos" (bramble) / Latin "vermiculor" (worm-eaten or full of worms), referring to leaves(?)

Sassafras albidum - sassafras American Indian name or from Spanish "saxafrax" / white (leaf undersides)

Schinus molle - peppertree ancient Greek name for Pistacia / a Peruvian name

Schinus terebinthifolius - Brazilian peppertree ancient Greek name for Pistacia / With leaves resembling a terebith tree (Pistacia terebinthus)

Sciadopitys verticillata - umbrella pine Greek "sciados" (umbrella) and "pitys" (pine) / Latín "verticillatus (vertical) - referring to the leaf orientation

Senegalia berlandieri - guajillo after Senegal / after Swiss botanist Jean Louis Berlandier

Senegalia greggii - catclaw acacia after Senegal / after explorer Josiiah Gregg

Senna hebecarpa - American senna Arabic "sana" (mountaintop) / Latin "hebe" (young man) and "carpa" (fruit) for its hairy fruits

Sequoia sempervirens - redwood after Sequoiah, son of a British merchant and Cherokee woman / Latin "semper" (always) and "vivere" (to live) - evergreen

Sequoiadendron giganteum - giant sequoia from sequoia and Greek "dendron" (tree) / large

Serenoa repens - saw palmetto after botanist Sereno Watson / creeping or low

Sesbania punicea - rattlebox an old Arabic name for a Sesbania / dark red (flowers)

Shepherdia argentea - silver buffaloberry after botanist John Shepherd / silvery (leaves)

Shepherdia canadensis - buffaloberry after botanist John Shepherd / of Canada

Shepherdia rotundifolia - roundleaf buffaloberry after botanist John Shepherd / round leaves

Sibbaldiopsis tridentata - three-toothed-cinquefoil after Scottish physician Sir Robert Sibbald / leaves with three teeth

Sideroxylon lanuginosum - gum bumelia Greek "sidero" (iron) and "xylon" (wood) / woolly

Sideroxylon lycioides - buckthorn bumelia Greek "sidero" (iron) and "xylon" (wood) / similar to lycium

Simmondsia chinensis - jojoba after botanist Thomas William Simmonds / of China

Smilax bona-nox - saw greenbrier Greek name / Latin name (good night), an ancient name for a morning glory

Smilax glauca - catbrier Greek name / waxy whitish bloom

Smilax laurifolia - laurel greenbrier Greek name / laurel-like leaves

Smilax rotundifolia - common greenbrier Greek name / round-leaved

Smilax smallii - lanceleaf greenbrier Greek name / after American botanist John Small

Smilax tamnoides - bristly greenbrier Greek name / bristly (stems)

Soehrensia thelegona - sprawling torch unknown / Greek "thele" (breast), and Latin "gona" (birth)

Solanum dulcamara - bitter nightshade Latin name / sweet and injurious

Sophora chrysophylla - mamani Arabic name / Greek for golden leaves

Sophora secundiflora - mescal bean Arabic name / side-flowering

Sorbus alnifolia - Korean mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / alder-like leaves

Sorbus americana - American mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / of America

Sorbus aucuparia - European mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / Latin "avis" (bird) and "capere" (to catch) - birds eat the fruits, tree used as bait

Sorbus decora - showy mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / showy

Sorbus scopulina - Greene's mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / growing on cliffs

Sorbus sitchensis - Sitka mountain-ash Latin name for Sorbus domestica / of Sitka, Alaska

Sphaeralcea ambigua - desert globemallow Latin "sphaera" (a globe or a sphere) / Latin "ambig" (in doubt or uncertain)

Spiraea alba var. alba - narrowleaf spiraea Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / white

Spiraea alba var. latifolia - meadowsweet Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / broad-leaved

Spiraea douglasii - Douglas spiraea Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / after Scottish botanist David Douglas

Spiraea japonica - Japanese spiraea Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / of Japan

Spiraea lucida - shinyleaf spiraea Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / shining

Spiraea splendens - rose meadowsweet Greek "speiraira" (plant used in garlands) / splendid (flowers)

Staphylea trifolia - bladdernut Greek "staphyle" (cluster - of flowers) / three leaflets

Stenocereus stellatus - Baja organ pipe cactus Greek "stenos" (narrow) and Latin "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / Latin "stella" (star)

Stenocereus thurberi - organpipe cactus Greek "stenos" (narrow) and Latin "cera" (torch) for the resemblence to a torch / after US botanist George Thurber

Stewartia ovata - mountain-camellia after John Stuart / ovate leaves

Stewartia spp. - stewartia after John Stuart / after John Stuart

Styphnolobium affine - Texas sophora Latin "stypticus" (to contract), probably a reference to constrictions of the fruit / similar to (?)

Styphnolobium japonicum - Japanese pagoda tree Latin "stypticus" (to contract), probably a reference to constrictions of the fruit / of Japan

Styrax americanus - American snowbell Greek name of Styrax officinalis / of America

Styrax japonicus - Japanese snowbell Greek name of Styrax officinalis / of Japan

Styrax obassia - fragrant snowbell Greek name of Styrax officinalis / a Japanese name

Swietenia mahagoni - West Indies mahogany after Dutch physician and botanist Baron Gerald von Swieten / Latinized version of a local name

Syagrus romanzoffiana - queen palm Used by Pliny for a palm / after Russian Count Romanzoff, sponsor of exploration

Symphoricarpos albus - snowberry Greek "symphorein" (bear together) and "karpos" (fruit) refers to clustered fruits / white

Symphoricarpos mollis - creeping snowberry Greek "symphorein" (bear together) and "karpos" (fruit) refers to clustered fruits / soft or silky form

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus - coralberry Greek "symphorein" (bear together) and "karpos" (fruit) refers to clustered fruits / orbicular fruits

Symplocos tinctoria - common sweetleaf Greek "symploke" (connection") - stamens are connected / dye or medical solution

Syringa reticulata - Japanese tree lilac Greek "syrinx" (a pipe) for its hollow stems / networked (veins in the leaf)

Syringa villosa - late lilac Greek "syrinx" (a pipe) for its hollow stems / hairy

Syringa vulgaris - common lilac Greek "syrinx" (a pipe) for its hollow stems / common

Syzygium nervosum - sugargum Greek "syn" (together) and "zygon" (yoke), perhaps a reference to fruits / veined or nerved (leaves)

Tabebuia aurea - Caribbean trumpet-tree A Latinized local/indigenous name / golden, beautiful or splendid

Tamarix aphylla - athel tamarisk Latin name / without leaves

Tamarix chinensis - saltcedar Latin name / of China

Tamarix gallica - tamarisk Latin name / of France

Tamarix parviflora - smallflower tamarisk Latin name / small flowers

Taxodium ascendens - pondcypress from Taxus and Greek "eidos" (resemblence to Taxus) / ascending

Taxodium distichum - baldcypress from Taxus and Greek "eidos" (resemblence to Taxus) / in two rows (leaves) Greek "di" (two) and "stichos" (rank)

Taxus baccata - English yew Latin name / berry-bearing

Taxus brevifolia - Pacific yew Latin name / short foliage

Taxus cuspidata - Japanese yew Latin name / with a cusp, coming to a sharp and rigid point (leaves)

Taxus xmedia - Anglo-Jap yew Latin name / intermediate

Tecoma stans - yellow bells Aztec name / upright

Tectona grandis - teak from the Malabar name "tekka" / large

Tetradium daniellii - Korean evodia Greek "tetra" (four) / after Willaim Daniell, who introduced the plant to western horticulture

Thuja occidentalis - northern white-cedar Greek "thyia" (for a juniper or a fragrant-wooded tree) from "thyo" (perfume) / western - Latin "occidere" (to set, as the sun)

Thuja plicata - western redcedar Greek "thyia" (for a juniper or a fragrant-wooded tree) from "thyo" (perfume) / plaited (leaves, branches) - Latin "plicare" (to fold)

Thujopsis dolabrata - false arborvitae Like a Thuja - Greek "thyia" (for a juniper or a fragrant-wooded tree) from "thyo" (perfume) / Latin "dolabra" (pick-axe (leaf shape))

Tilia americana - American basswood Latin name of Linden / of America

Tilia cordata - littleleaf linden Latin name of Linden / of Europe

Tilia petiolaris - silver linden Latin name of Linden / conspicuous petioles

Tilia xeuchlora - Crimean linden Latin name of Linden / Greek "eu" (true) and "chloros" (green)

Tilia xeuropaea - European linden Latin name of Linden / of Europe

Torreya californica - California nutmeg after John Torrey / of California

Torreya taxifolia - Florida torreya after John Torrey / with yew-like foliage

Toxicodendron diversilobum - Pacific poisonoak Greek "toxikon" (poison) and "dendron" (tree) / variable leaves

Toxicodendron pubescens - poison-oak Greek "toxikon" (poison) and "dendron" (tree) / hairy

Toxicodendron radicans - poison-ivy Greek "toxikon" (poison) and "dendron" (tree) / with rooting stems

Toxicodendron vernix - poison sumac Greek "toxikon" (poison) and "dendron" (tree) / Latin for varnish

Trachycarpus fortunei - Chinese windmill palm Latin "trachy" (rough) and "carpus" (fruit) / after Robert Fortune

Triadica sebifera - Chinese tallow tree three-parted (fruits) / Latin "sebum" (tallow, fat) and "fera" (to bear)

Tsuga canadensis - eastern hemlock Japanese name / of Canada

Tsuga caroliniana - Carolina hemlock Japanese name / of Carolina

Tsuga chinensis - Chinese hemlock Japanese name / of China

Tsuga heterophylla - western hemlock Japanese name / Greek "hetero" (different) "phylla" (leaf) - with variable leaves

Tsuga mertensiana - mountain hemlock Japanese name / after Karl Mertens, German botanist

Ulex europaeus - common gorse Latin name / of Europe

Ulmus alata - winged elm Latin name / winged (twigs)

Ulmus americana - American elm Latin name / of America

Ulmus crassifolia - cedar elm Latin name / thick-leaved

Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese elm Latin name / small leaves

Ulmus procera - field elm Latin name / smaller or slight (leaves)

Ulmus pumila - Siberian elm Latin name / dwarf or small

Ulmus rubra - slippery elm Latin name / red

Ulmus thomasii - rock elm Latin name / after horticulturist David Thomas

Ulmus xspp. - elm hybrids Latin name / --

Umbellularia californica - California-laurel Latin "umbella" (umbel) / of California

Ungnadia speciosa - Mexican buckeye after Austrian Barón David von Ungnad / Latin "species" (form) and "osus" (full of) - showy

Vaccinium arboreum - sparkleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / tree-like

Vaccinium cespitosum - dwarf bilberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / having a densely clumped growth form

Vaccinium corymbosum - highbush blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / with flat-topped flower clusters

Vaccinium deliciosum - Cascade bilberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / delicious

Vaccinium elliottii - Elliott's blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / after American botanist Stephen Elliott

Vaccinium fuscatum - black highbush blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / dark, obscured (fruits)

Vaccinium macrocarpon - cranberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / large fruits

Vaccinium membranaceum - big huckleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / like a membrane - thin leaves

Vaccinium myrtilloides - velvet-leaf blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / myrtle-like leaves

Vaccinium myrtillus - bilberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / myrtle-like leaves

Vaccinium ovalifolium - ovalleaf huckleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / oval leaves

Vaccinium ovatum - evergreen huckleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / ovate leaves

Vaccinium oxycoccos - small cranberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / Greek "oxus" (acid), and "kokkos" (berry)

Vaccinium pallidum - lowbush blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / pale

Vaccinium parvifolium - red huckleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / small leaves

Vaccinium scoparium - grouse whortleberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / broom-like

Vaccinium stamineum - deerberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / a reference to prominent stamens

Vaccinium uliginosum - bog blueberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / of swamps

Vaccinium vitis-idaea - lingonberry the Latin name for Vaccinium myrtillus or hyacinth / a reference to the grape genus and raspberries, for the fruit

Vachellia constricta - whitethorn acacia after Reverand George Harvey Vachell / constricted, a reference to the fruits

Vachellia farnesiana - sweet acacia after Reverand George Harvey Vachell / after Cardinal Farnese

Vauquelinia californica - Arizona rosewood perhaps in honor of French cheist Louis Nicolas Vauquelin / of California

Vernicia fordii - tungoil tree Italian "vernice" (varnish) / after Charles Ford, superintendant of the Hong Kong Botanic Gardens

Viburnum acerifolium - mapleleaf viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / maple-leaved

Viburnum carlesii - Koreanspice viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / after British Vice-Consul in Korea, W.R. Carles

Viburnum dentatum - arrowwood Latin name for Viburnum lantana / referring to the teeth on the leaves

Viburnum dilatatum - linden viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / spread out or wide-spreading

Viburnum edule - squashberry Latin name for Viburnum lantana / edible (fruit)

Viburnum ellipticum - western viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / elliptical leaves

Viburnum lantana - wayfaringtree viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Italian name, perhaps after Latin "lentus" (light or flexible)

Viburnum lantanoides - hobblebush Latin name for Viburnum lantana / similar to Viburnum lantana

Viburnum lentago - nannyberry Latin name for Viburnum lantana / tough but pliable

Viburnum nudum - possumhaw viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Latin for bare or naked (hairless)

Viburnum opulus var. americanum - highbush-cranberry Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Latin name for a kind of maple

Viburnum opulus var. opulus - European cranberrybush viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Latin name for a kind of maple

Viburnum plicatum - doublefile viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / pleated leaves

Viburnum prunifolium - blackhaw Latin name for Viburnum lantana / plum-leaved

Viburnum recognitum - smooth arrowwood Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Latin "recognitus" (recognized)

Viburnum rhytidophyllum - leatherleaf viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / wrinkled leaves

Viburnum rufidulum - rusty blackhaw Latin name for Viburnum lantana / Latin "rufi" (red - probably a reference to rusty red hairs)

Viburnum xburkwoodii - Burkwood viburnum Latin name for Viburnum lantana / after English nurserymen Albert Burkwood and Geoffrey Skipwith

Viguiera laciniata - San Diego sunflower after French botanist Alexandre Viguier / deeply cut (leaves)

Vinca minor - periwinkle Latin "Vincio" (to bind) - the shoots / small

Vitex agnus-castus - lilac chastetree Latin name for the Grape genus / chaste

Vitex negundo - chastetree Latin name for the Grape genus / Latinized form of Malayan name

Vitex rotundifolia - beach vitex Latin name for the Grape genus / round-leaved

Vitis aestivalis - summer grape Latin name / of summer

Vitis rotundifolia - muscadine grape Latin name / round leaves

Washingtonia filifera - California fan palm after George Washington / "bearing threads or filaments" (filamentous leaf edges)

Washingtonia robusta - Mexican fan palm after George Washington / "of hard wood" or "strong"

Weigela florida - old fashioned weigela after von Weigel, German botanist / flowering Latin "flos" (flower)

Wisteria floribunda - Japanese wisteria after Caspar Wistar, American anatomy professor / flowering profusely

Wisteria frutescens - American wisteria after Caspar Wistar, American anatomy professor / shrubby

Wisteria sinensis - Chinese wisteria after Caspar Wistar, American anatomy professor / of China

Wollemia nobilis - Wollemi-pine After the Wollemi Australian National Park, where it was discovered in 1994. / Usually regal, renowned - but in this case after David Noble, discoverer of the tree.

Xanthorhiza simplicissima - yellowroot Greek "xanthos" (yellow) and "rhiza" (root) / Latin for most simple (unbranched)

xHesperotropsis leylandii - Leyland cypress Latin name for Cupressus sempervirens and Greek "kuparissos" (cypress) / crossed by Leyland

Yucca angustissima - narrowleaf yucca from the Carib name for cassava / narrow leaves

Yucca baccata - banana yucca from the Carib name for cassava / berry-like fruits

Yucca brevifolia - Joshua tree from the Carib name for cassava / short leaves

Yucca elata - soaptree yucca from the Carib name for cassava / Latin "elat" (high or lofty; proud)

Yucca filamentosa - yucca from the Carib name for cassava / filamented

Yucca gigantea - giant yucca from the Carib name for cassava / large

Yucca glauca - soapweed yucca from the Carib name for cassava / white

Yucca schidigera - Mojave yucca from the Carib name for cassava / bearing a splinter of wood - a reference to leaf fibers

Yucca torreyi - Torrey's yucca from the Carib name for cassava / after botanist John Torrey

Zanthoxylum americanum - common pricklyash Greek "zanthos" (yellow) and "xulon" (wood) / of America

Zanthoxylum clava-herculis - pricklyash Greek "zanthos" (yellow) and "xulon" (wood) / Latin "clava" (club-shaped) and Hercules - another common name for this is Hercules club.

Zelkova serrata - Japanese zelkova Caucasian name / serrate (leaves)

Ziziphus obtusifolia - lotebush an Arabic name / blunt-leaves

Ziziphus zizyphus - jujube an Arabic name / an Arabic name

Sources:

• Alcock, R.H. 1876. Botanical Names for English Readers. Grand River Books, Detroit. 236 pages.
• Bailey, L.H. 1933. How Plants Get Their Names. The MacMillan Company, NY. 209 pages.
• Bold, H.C. 1977. The Plant Kingdom, 4th ed. Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 310 pages.
• Borror, D.J. 1988. Dictionary of Word Roots and Combining Forms. Mayfield Publishing Company, Mountain View California. 134 pages.
• Brummitt, R.K. 1992. Vascular Plant Families and Genera. Whitstable Litho Ltd, Kent. 804 pages.
• Coombes, Allen J. 1993. Dictionary of Plant Names. Timber Press, Portland OR, 1993, 207 pages.
• Gledhill, D. 1985. The Names of Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 159 pages.
• Harlow, W.M., E.S. Harrar, F.M. White. Textbook of Dendrology. 7th ed. McGraw-Hill, Inc. NY 501 pages.
• Mabberly, D.J. 1987. The Plant Book. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 706 pages.
• New Pronouncing Dictionary of Plant Names 1964. Florists' Publishing Co., Chicago IL. 63 pages.
• Stearn, W.T. 1992. Botanical Latin. David and Charles Publishers, England. 546 pages.
• About.com Ancient History Flower Name Meanings
• California Plant Names, Word Meanings and Name Derivations By Michael L. Charters
• Dictionary of Botanical Epithets
• Latin Dictionary and Grammar Aid