black willow Salicaceae Salix nigra Marsh. symbol: SANI Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, lanceolate in shape, 3 to 6 inches long, with a finely serrate margin. Leaves are dark and shiny above, light green below. Flower: Species is dioecious; flowers are tiny, green, borne on catkins, 1 to 3 inches long, early summer. Fruit: Cone-shaped capsules that contain many small, cottony seeds, borne on catkins; capsules split at maturity, mid summer. Twig: Slender, orange-brown in color, with a bitter aspirin taste; buds are small and appressed, covered by one bud scale, the terminal bud absent; stipules/scars are obvious. Bark: Brown to gray-black, with thick, somewhat scaly ridges and deep furrows. Form: A small to medium sized tree that can develop a massive trunk with a spreading, irregular crown. Black willows are often affected by crown gall, and witches brooms and trunk sprouting are common. Looks like: white willow - sandbar willow - weeping willow - Goodding's willow Additional Range Information: Salix nigra is native to North America. Range may be expanded by planting. See states reporting black willow. More: Fall Color Wood External Links: USDAFS Silvics of North America USDAFS Additional Silvics Landowner Factsheet USDA Plants Database © Copyright 2015, Virginia Tech Dept. of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, all rights reserved. Photos and text by: John Seiler, Edward Jensen, Alex Niemiera, and John Peterson